الفهرس 
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Abstract
On almost any construction project, risk management is an important and vital aspect of safety
management. Risk analysis allows practitioners to measure and analyze risks that might influence
projects in tunneling construction in terms of workers’ safety and time schedule.
In this study, 29 risks were collected from site surveys, and interviews with engineers and
managers working on numerous tunnel projects in Egypt. These risks were classified into six
categories. A survey questionnaire was conducted with 80 respondents out of a total of 86
respondents to collect data.
The data collected were analyzed statistically using the SPSS V20 package. The Total Importance
Index Impact (T.I.I.I) was developed to identify the most critical risks impacting tunneling
construction safety management. Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to rank the top 10 risks
which depend basically on the quantitative analysis for risks. Risk analysis, according to the
primary findings, can assist project managers in analyzing and focusing on significant risks, which
help in implementing the safety management plan and assessing it, to increase the success of all
tunnels’ construction projects, by providing effective guidelines.
The measurement to decrease the exposure to high levels of noise, air supply risks, fires, and
oxygen deficiency will lead to a positive impact on workers’ health and performance, reduce time
and costs, increase productivity, and enhance the company’s image for employees and clients.
Keywords: Safety Management, Tunneling, Risk analysis, Monte Carlo Simulation, and Safety
assessment.