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Abstract Polyurethanes (PUs) based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and polycaprolactone diols of different contents were synthesized using hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). Nanocomposites based on the prepared PUs and chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) with different contents (0, 3,5 and 7 wt%) using solvent intercalation technique are also prepared. The structures of the prepared samples were verified by FTIR and 1H NMR. TEM confirmed the presence of chitosan within the nanometer range, and the homogeneous distribution of CS-NPs within the PUs matrix. SEM showed a roughness increment with increasing CS-NPs in the nanocomposites. DSC and XRD showed that the crystallization of PHB was retarded by increasing neither PCL or CS-NPs contents. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was decreased with CS-NPs incorporation |