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Abstract
This research aimed to facilitate detection and selection of salt stress tolerance of peach rootstocks. Also, to create a reliable protocol for callus induction and regeneration of peach [prunus persica (L.) batsch] rootstocks; montclair, nemaguard and okinawa, using mature seeds as in vitro establishment plant materials where each seed cultured separately and tagged with an unique serial number. Seeds recorded the maximum germination% when disinfested using 20% clorox for 30 minutes prior to culture on woody plant medium as compared to murashige and Skoog medium for all tested rootstocks. The combination of 1.5 mg/l BA+0.2 mg/l GA3 produced sufficient number of shoots with suitable height for all tested rootstocks during multiplication stage. After establishment stage, all the three tested rootstocks succeed in callus formation with maximum mass by adding 1.0 mg/l IBA+1.0 mg/l NAA to half-strength MS (Murashige and Skoog) culture medium in the presence of 1 g\l PVA (polyvinyl alcohol). Callus clusters of montclair rootstock, which recorded the highest callus induction frequency on different auxin treatments, were differentiated when transferred to free PVA and growth regulators MS medium. The highest concentration of NAA (2.0 mg/l) was more effective regarding root formation specially when added combining with the highest IBA concentration 2.0 mg/l. Inter Simple Sequence Repeat technique could confirmed the role of fragments polymorphism of Montclair rootstock differentiated plantlets identification and discrimination as compared to directly regenerated one from the origin individual. Root tip cultures, 1 cm in length, were evaluated for salt stress tolerance after one month using liquid half-strength MS medium containing 0 (control), 400, 800, 1200, 1600 or 2000 ppm NaCl this stage was made after establishment