الفهرس 
The protective effect of selenium on the sterile mediterranean fruit fly ceratitis capitata (Wied.) Irradiated with gamma rays
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Abstract
Successful population suppression of ceratitis capitata is crucial for sterile insect technique programs. Using the gamma irradiation results in damage to the non-target tissues and this could affect the fitness and the competitiveness of the sterile males. Addition of sodium selenite (SS) to the larval diet could improve the flies{u2019} performance. A significant decrease in the number of eggs laid daily per female even alone or in combination with the sterilizing dose (90 Gy). The percent of egg hatchability decreased significantly in irradiated or in SS- irradiated groups. An obvious improvement in the male competitiveness was recorded upon the addition of SS to the larval diet. The sterilizing dose showed significant decreases in the total protein, total lipids levels and in the activity of the antioxidative enzymes, SOD, GPx and CAT, in the full grown pupal tissue. A non-significant decrease was recorded in the male testosterone level with gamma irradiation. Meanwhile, the ameliorating effect of SS was obvious in the total protein, total lipids levels and in the antioxidative enzymes activities in the SS-irradiated groups. The bad effect of gamma irradiation was detected in the testis of the med fly and revealed marked pathological changes in the testis wall and sperms. The nuclear membrane rupture, appearance of vacuoles, rupture in the sperm bundles, some axonemes lost their mitochondrial derivatives and deficiency in the matrix surrounding the spermatozoa were evident. A recovery in the testis of the med fly was observed by adding the SS to the larval diet before irradiation to protect the cells from damage