الفهرس 
AcknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Injury of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the most common events in sports medicine (1). Approximately 100 000 ACL reconstructions are performed in the USA every year, and current techniques for this procedure allow good-to-excellent results in ∼85–95% of patients (16). Purpose of our study is to determine the effect of multiple instrumentation in transportal and transtibial technique during ACL-R as regard bacterial contamination.