الفهرس 
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Abstract
Thyroid hormones affect a lot of metabolic process like lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. They also have great effect on arterial blood pressure and DM .These effects increase by age especially in women . Some features of menopause are like the clinical picture suggestive of thyroid dysfunction.
This study was conducted on postmenopausal women who went to Zagazig university internal medicine outpatient clinic and others who were admitted to different inpatient departments (e.g gynaecology, general surgery and intensive care unit) for various purposes during the period from 1/3/2014 to 1/2/2015.
The aim of this work was to study possible relationship between thyroid disorders and menopause.
Our study included 40 women who were postmenopausal. Post menopause can be defined as cessation of menstrual flow for a period of 12 months and above.
Patient with history of thyroid disorders, autoimmune diseases, liver disease, renal disease and patient on amiodarone or other drugs that affect thyroid function were excluded from the study.
All cases were subjected to the following:
• History taking, general and local examination.
• Routine investigations:
- Complete blood count.
- PT, PTT, INR.
- Kidney function tests.
- Liver function tests.
- Fasting blood glucose.
- Two hour post prandial blood glucose .
• Thyroid gland hormones (TSH, free T3 and free T4) and thyroid autoantibodies (TPO and TG).
Statistical analysis of data was done and revealed that the mean age of our subjects was 61.6±8.6 years and the mean BMI was 34.6±4 kg/m2, 27.5% (11 out of 40women ) were hypertensive , and 72.5% (29 women) were normotensive. While 27.5% (11 out of 40women ) were diabetic and 72.5% (29 women) were euglycemic .
The result of this study showed that:
• Overt hypothyroidism is the most common thyroid disorder in postmenopausal women , followed by subclinical hypothyroidism
• Among our post menopausal women there was 17.5% of them had thyroid disorders. The frequency of different thyroid disorders in our post-menopausal women was as follow: 5 women out of 40 (representing 12.5%) were overt hypothyroid, 2 women (5%) had subclinical hypothyroidism and 11 women (27.5%) classified as non-thyroidal illness syndrome. While 22 women (55%) were euthyroid.
• Thyroid auto antibodies were detected in 15% in cases of the study distributed as follow: 5% (two out of forty women) were overt hypothyroid, 2.5% (one out of forty women) had subclinical hypothyroidism and 7.5% (three out of forty women) were euthyroid women.
• There was negative but non significant relation between age, T3 and TSH. However, there was positive but non significant relation between age and T4, TPO and TG.
• There was positive significant relation between BMI and TSH.
• There was positive significant relation between hypothyroidism, DM and hypertension.