الفهرس 
Comparison between IV propofol and propofol/ fentanyl anesthesia on patients{u2019} stress response
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Abstract
Background: Surgery-induced stress response is reported, but the specific effect of propofol, when used in general anesthesia, needs further investigation. Hence, the objective of the presented research is to assess the impact of propofol vs propofol/ fentanyl patients’ hemodynamics, stress responses, immunological and oxidative stress. Method: Forty four patients undergoing surgery requiring general anesthesia, have been selected according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists-1 (ASA-I). They were randomly assigned to either one of the two arms by using sealed envelope randomization method. Arm A (n= 20) received propofol as a single agent for induction of anesthesia, while arm B (n= 22) received propofol/fentanyl. The samples were withdrawn 10 minutes before induction of anesthesia and after 1-3 minutes after induction of anesthesia with BIS range score 40-60. Results: Regarding the hemodynamic response, propofol vs propofol/fentanyl after induction of anesthesia showed significant decrease in HR (10%, 23%), SBP (11%, 17%), and DBP (8%, 13%). As for the patients stress response changes, after induction of anesthesia in arm A vs arm B, the results showed significant increase in epinephrine (30%, 39%), norepinephrine (31%, 31%), FBG (33%, 21%), cortisol (49%, 36%), and vasopressin (67%, 59%). Regarding the immunological and oxidative response, IL-6 (31%,25%) TNF-Ü (4%,6%) T-lymphocytes (26%, 37%), CRP (49%, 26%) and NRF2 (11%, 10%), respectively, compared to pre-induction of anesthesia