الفهرس 
Comparative study between intrathecal dexmedetomidine versus intrathecal magnesium sulfate in prevention of post spinal shivering in uroscopic surgery
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Abstract
Background: Shivering is a frequent and distressing complication of spinal anesthesia. It is not only unpleasant to the patient but also increases oxygen demand affect patient monitoring, increases catecholamine levels, and aggravating pain. Aim: To compare dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulfate in prevention of shivering during spinal anesthesia. Methods: After approval of ethical committee and obtaining written informed consent 105 patients scheduled for uroscopic operation were randomized into three groups. The first group (D group) received 2.5 ml hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% (12.5mg) + 5 mcg dexmedetomidine in 0.5 ml saline. The second group (M group) received 2.5 ml hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% (12.5 mg) +25 mg magnesium sulfate. The third (C) control group received 2.5 ml hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% (12.5 mg) +0.5 ml normal saline. Different parameters, including sublingual temperature, sensory block, motor block, incidence and intensity of shivering, temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, nausea, and vomiting were recorded. Data was analyzed using SPSS software package version 20.0, and employing ANOVA and chi-square test with post-hoc comparisons