الفهرس 
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Abstract
Releasing huge amounts of polluted industrial wastewaters to the environment establishes the urge for expanding and executing suitable treatment technologies. Thus, utilization of combined processes improves the recycling by decreasing amount of phenolic compounds & organic matter & total solids, & reuse of industrial wastewater in process of production of green leafy vegetables.
The goal of this research is to use hybrid techniques to remove organic contaminants like chemical oxygen demand (COD) and phenol from petroleum wastewater treatment plant effluent (photo-Fenton oxidation, adsorption, and solar still). All the tests were carried out in batches. On the photoFenton process, the impacts of pH, ferrous salt (Fe2+), and H2O2 oxidation factors were investigated. At Fe2+, H2O2, pH of 20 mM, 400 mM, and 3.8, respectively, maximum COD and phenol elimination was obtained utilising the response surface methodology (RSM) technique for experiment design and optimization.
For the optimum values of the phenol reduction from the starting value of COD 12654.6 mg/L and phenol 213.0 mg/L was achieved by 6 0 .97 percent and 88 .66 percent, respectively. Using Response Surface Methodology, a Box-Behnken was utilised to do photo-Fenton based modelling and optimization (RSM). COD and phenol oxidation exhibit strong coefficients of regression R2 = 0.97 and 0.98, respectively, according to variance analysis (ANOVA).
Phragmites australis was used to treat the petroleum wastewater effluent after Fenton oxidation with COD 4139.1 mg/L and phenol 70.1 mg/L. The adsorbent was selected to be Phragmites australis.
ABSTRACT
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FTIR, X-ray, SEM, Zeta potential, and particle size distribution were among the techniques utilised to investigate and characterise Phragmites australis. The adsorption process came after the photo-Fenton treatment. The adsorption technique achieved 69.04 percent COD removal and 95.80 percent phenol elimination, respectively. Based on the correlation coefficients (R2=0.999) and (R2=0.996), kinetic studies showed that the data for COD and phenol elimination in the adsorption phase match very well in the linear pseudo second-order model. The adsorption potentials of COD and phenol removal were 14421.97 mg/g and 374.90 mg/g, respectively, for COD and phenol removal. Finally, since it is a natural substance, P. australis may be used as an adsorbent material
The treated effluent from the adsorption process was then subjected to a single solar still and the resulting effluent was analysed to produce an overall removal ratio for COD and phenol 89% and 98.1% respectively, as well a significant removal of the minerals was established.
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