الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Egypt is one of the Mediterranean Sea countries that surround the Sea. The Mediterranean Sea plays an important role in developing of nations bordering it. For example, fish capacity for Egypt is estimated by 7 % of fishing capacity of the Mediterranean Sea. Additionally, the Sea has marvelous economic importance especially in commercial fish trading which needs periodic control on the reliability of marine communities and the quality of fish products. In 2014-2016, the total fish landing in Egypt was estimated by 58105 tons. Egypt, like other developing countries has a great concern about fish and fishery products because they have a significant role in the country’s food security and domestic economy. In 2003, DNA barcoding is considered as a genetic technique for genetic constituents, species recognition, molecular phylogenetic and various population studies. This method is a
rapid tool for identifying species. DNA barcoding is a method that used short DNA sequences especially the mitochondrial genome for species identification at the molecular level. DNA barcoding is based on the sequencing of COI gene. Therefore, this method was used in the present study to identify 6 economically important species in the Mediterranean sea coast of Egypt accompanied with morphological and measurements parameters. In addition to, determination muscle protein by using electrophoresis technique. Furthermore, studying phylogenetic relationship, discussion of the conflict in common nomenclature and update the species checklist for commercial marine fish of the Mediterranean Sea and to introduce international DNA barcode database of the studied fish for further studies by scientists and aquaculturist. The most important economically and traditionally fish families in the Mediterranean sea are: SERRANIDAE (Grouper), SPARIDAE (red seabream), LATIDAE (Seabass), SIGANIDAE (rabbitfish) and CLUPEIDAE (sardine) which are very important in world aquaculture and obtain high revenue. Sequence of a standard region of the mitochondrial COI gene was used by DNA barcoding for species identification and data obtained where compared with that of National Centre of Bio informatics Institute (NCBI). This method is easy, useful, costless and effective. This method was applied successfully for fish obtained from the Italian and Turkish markets as well as tilapia fish in Egypt. In addition, this method was used to reveal the frauding from the commercial where people used cheap price fish instead of high price fish. In Taiwan in 2020, xiang etal obtained 355 sequences from 365 (97.26%). from these results they identify 12 orders, 38 families and 66 genera of fish. Six different species of marine fish were studied (Grouper, red seabream, seabream, Seabass, Rabbitifish and sardine) from two different locations namely: Alexandria (Alx) and Kafr el-sheikh (Kfr) of the Mediterranean Sea coast in Egypt. Morphological measurements were carried out and condition factor for each species in each location was determined. Organ collection (dorsal muscle), 1x1x1 cm, was used for DNA determination. Extraction and isolation of DNA were successfully for 6 species samples in each location with a good concentration. All samples were successfully extracted with high concentration using 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. The region of COI gene was amplified successfully, and all bands were represented in ” ” " ~ " ” ”650 bp which obtained from six samples. The products of PCR were highly detected by using 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis. Each consensus sequence was subject to 42 the BLAST search tool in NCBI database; best matched sequences were retrieved from the database and aligned with all other results for all samples. These databases reported conclusive identification matches for COI consensus sequences in the GenBank with a distance of 92– 99 %. The phylogenetic analysis reflected the same result and confirmed the phylogenetic relationship of each of the identified samples grouped to its relatives with bootstrap support values above 0.9 to 1.