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Abstract Cardiac toxicity is considered a major problem of cancer treatment and can occur during, or shortly after, or even after a lot of years of cancer treatment has been carried out. Long-term follow-up of thoracic radiation therapy including; lung, lymphoma, esophageal types of cancers and breast cancer, all have shown that can cause radiation-induced cardiac toxicities such as pericardial effusion, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and coronary artery disorder. The compatible solutes are very small organic osmolytes including, (but not their derivatives); betaines, polyols, sugars and amino acids, ectoines (ECT) and peptides. These osmolytes are properly altered to remove their charges. The Compatible solutes’ function are to work as operative stabilizers of the enzyme’s function, affording protection against higher temperature, freeze-thaw treatment, salinity, and even drying. In vitro the helpful effects of compatible solutes on proteins in addition to the effects on expression of protein and whole cells stabilization have been studied. Such effects expansion or extend to stabilization of nucleic acid. In The current study was determined to discover the accumulative protective effect(s) of ectoine possible pre-irradiation on female heart in mice. In this current study. (40) Forty female Of a lineage Swiss albino were divided into) 4) four main groups; first group: controls groups (injected intraperitoneally for (10)days with 0.2 ml from saline), second group: ectoine groups (injected with 20 mg/kg of ectoine for ten days), Third group: irradiated groups (received (6) Gy whole body x-irradiation single dose then injected with saline for ten days), fourth group: ectoine irradiated groups ( first injected with ectoine for ten days then irradiated). Animals (5 female mice each group) were sacrificed on day (7) seven, and day (14) fourteen (five animals each). Hearts organs were examined for histological changes and immune-stained for Bax .Concentration of ECT in hearts measured by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The cardiac troponin T (cTnT) serum, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were assessed by mouse ready by ELISA kits use. Histological alterations of the heart tissues were documented in around 40% after 7- days & 14-days post-irradiation. ECT concentrations (0.63×10-4 mg/mg of heart weight) were higher in ectoine groups than ectoine irradiated groups (0.011×10-4 mg/mg of heart weight) 14-days post-treatment. There were significant differences among the 14 days’ groups (p = 0.032) in the serum levels of cardiac troponin cTnT. Also, the apoptosis inducible factor (AIF) was significantly increased in ectoine irradiated group (at 14 days) than those of control (p = 0.014), irradiated (p = 0.020), and ectoine (p = 0.033) groups. A strong to moderate immune-staining in ectoine and the irradiated groups were illustrated by Bax. |