الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Stored grain pests are considered one of the most dangerous pests causing great damage to the country’s economies are inflicting heavy losses on grain and food stored and estimated annual losses in the world as a result of the damage caused by the incidence of these lesions by about five million tonnes of grain annually. Controlling and preventing insect pests that attack stored grains is an important and vital need if grain losses are to be kept to a minimum. A new trend has emerged in the use of nanotechnology as a nano-emulsion for natural essential oils as natural insecticides to combat stored grain pests. This technology has properties that make it more efficient and quicker in performance, as well as more specific in the target and less in the quantity utilised, resulting in lower pesticide rates and a higher predicted economic return. As a result, nanotechnology is an appropriate way to reducing insect damage and the adverse effects on humans and animals that are often produced by the use of conventional pesticides.