الفهرس 
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Abstract
Supercapacitors are a potential electrochemical energy storage device. This study demonstrates novel electrochemical energy storage devices. design and fabrication methods for increasing energy storage in supercapacitor electrodes. These include: hydrothermal technique followed by chemical vapour deposition for titanium dioxide nanoribbons (TNRs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs); and facile production of polyaniline/PbS nanocomposite for high-performance supercapacitor. This dissertation advances fundamental understanding of charge storage-limiting factors in pseudocapacitor electrodes through experimental studies of conducting polymer and metal oxide supercapacitors and emphasises the importance of a comprehensive design approach to achieve maximum energy storage. Assessing and enhancing the environmental sustainability of supercapacitors is an important future research direction. As electrochemical energy storage becomes more important in today’s society, supercapacitors will likely play an essential role as a long-life, high-power, and rapidly rechargeable energy storage technology.