الفهرس 
Title : Pharmacognostical study of certain opuntia species family cactaceae grown in Egypt
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Abstract
This study includes eight Opuntia species Opuntia ficus indica, O. dejecta, O. tomentosa, O. phaecantha, O. leucotricha, O. brasiliensis, O. microdasys and O. dillenii.Botanical and genetic profiling, phytochemical screening, phenolic content and flavonoid contentwere done for all Opuntia species and also identification of chemical constituents in different parts of Opuntia species under investigation using HPLC-PDA-MS/MS analysisresulting in identification of 44 compounds in Opuntia ficus indica, 34 compounds in O. dejecta , 49 compounds in O. dillenii, 35 compounds in O. brasiliensis , 28 compounds in O. tomentosa, 32 compounds in O. microdasys, 43 compounds in O. phaecantha, 34 compounds in O. leucotricha.For Opuntia ficus-indica,volatile constituents and microbiological study of volatile constituents, lipoidal content, carbohydrates content were studied, HPLC assay of rutin and beta-sitosterol, isolation of betalain, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, isorhamnetin, rutin and quercetin from fruits peel and Ý- sitosterol, isorhamnetin, ferulic acid, quercetin, kaempferol, rutin, quercetin glucoside, isorhamnetin glucoside and isorhamnetin glucosyl rutinoside from cladodes peel. And the neuroprotective activity was estimated. All tested extracts exhibited substantial antioxidant activities in-vitro and neuroprotective potential in AlCl3 induced Alzheimer{u2019}s disease (AD). Administration of OFI extracts attenuated AlCl3 induced learning and memory impairment as confirmed from passive avoidance test, and counteracted the oxidative stress as manifested from decreased the elevated MDA level, increased TAC, GSH, SOD and CAT levels. OFI extracts significantly decreased the elevated brain levels of proinflammatory cytokines (NF-mβ and TNF-Ü), increased anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10), and monoamine neurotransmitters (NE, DA, 5-HT) as compared to positive control group. The extracts showed a significant decrease in acetylcholinesterase level (AChE) as compared with AlCl3