الفهرس 
Review of LiteratureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 184 |  |  |
| | | from | 184 | | |
Abstract
V
itiligo is an acquired disorder characterized by milky white patches and macules. Its pathogenesis is thought to be triggered by a variety of etiological factors, which eventually contribute to the destruction of melanocytes. The most widely accepted theory is that autoimmune-mediated melanocyte destruction occurs as a result of the interaction of cellular immunity, humoral immunity, and cytokine action.
Perilesional vitiligo skin biopsies revealed an infiltration of cT cells, implying a cytotoxic attack on melanocytes. In recent years, research has focused on TRM and their role in the reactivation of vitiligo after therapy discontinuation. The stability of vitiligo represents periods of no disease activity, and it is critical in determining the patient’s treatment plan.
IL-15 has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases. Antibodies targeting the IL-15 or IL-15R chain, as well as mutant IL-15/Fc fusion protein, have been proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy for these diseases. It plays a role in the survival, proliferation, and functional activity of various immune cell types. It has been discovered that IL15 is required for the generation and maintenance of CD8+ TRM cells in the skin.
The aim of the study is to investigate the role of IL-15 in the pathogenesis and activity of vitiligo.
The study included 60 participants divided into three groups (20 participants each) as follows: group I: patients have active vitiligo, characterized by trichrome appearance, confetti like lesions, rare inflammatory margins, progression of existing lesions, having new lesions or Koebner’s phenomenon during the past one year, group 2: patients have stable vitiligo characterized by having no new lesions, no progression of existing lesions, and absence of Koebner’s phenomenon during the past one year, and group 3: healthy controls.
In the results the mean age was 29.25±15.29 years, 25.80±8.43 years and 27.70±9.64 years for active, stable and control groups respectively, with no statistically significant difference between groups. Regarding sex, males and females were equally distributed in the active group, and females represented 60% in the stable group, with no statistically significant difference.
Positive family history was found in 20% of active group and in 25 % of the stable group, with no statistically significant difference.
The most prominent SPT in active and stable groups was SPT IV followed by SPT III with no statistically significant difference.
Regarding VIDA score, it ranged between 2-4 in active group and -1–0 in stable group, with highly statistically significant difference between both groups.
Vitiligo extent score (VES) in cases with active group ranged from 8-25 (mean 14.95±5.69), with statistically significant increase mean score in active group compared to stable group with p-value <0.001 (highly significant).
The level of IL-15 (pg/ml) differences between the studied groups. There was highly statistically significant difference between the groups regarding median (IQR) of level of IL-15 (pg/ml) at p<0.001. The highest value was found in patients’active vitiligo group 700 (550-1075) followed by stable vitiligo group 265 (250-345), while the lowest value was found in control group 65 (50-90), at p <0.001.
There was statistically significant positive correlation between serum level of IL-15 (pg/ml) and VES and VIDA score in all patients, while the correlation with age in years, Fitzpatrick SPT, and disease duration was insignificant.