الفهرس 
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Abstract
Cultivation of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris, L.), one of the most salt-tolerant crops in the tropical and subtropical countries growing rapidly as an important component of the sugar industry. It is considered a promising source to supplement or replace cane sugar production in these countries because of its ability to produce higher sugar yields in a short growing season in the newly reclaimed soils dominating these countries.
The experimental was carried out at laboratories of Delta Sugar Company, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt, during (2019) and (2020) working seasons.the samples of sugar beet roots used for extraction of raw and clear juice were taken from the research fields of delta sugar company.
*The results could be concluded as follows:
1- Effect of chemical treatments of healthy sugar beet roots on dextran levels during storage.
The percentage of dextran increased the end of storage periods in roots treated with 10% Ca(oH)2 and 1N NaoH were 16.66%and 17.5% of value respectively compared with 94.1% in control samples 94.2%. The treatment of 500ppm Na2S2O5 recorded the highest valves of dextran at the end of storage period (187 ppm/Brix) but these values were less than the value of control samples. All following Figures were constructed considering only best concentration for each treatment it could be noticed that under all chemical treatments the values of dextran of healthy roots were increased with increasing of storage period up to 9 days.
2- Effect of chemical treatments of injured sugar beet roots on dextran levels during storage.
the dextran content of injured sugar beet roots increased under all chemical treatments. At the beginning of storage period control samples contained 150 ppm/Brix dextran. However, at the end of storage period dextran value reached 385 ppm/Brix and record the highest value of dextran content of the injured roots at the end of storage periods ranged from 177 to 235 ppm/Brix by different chemical treatments. The use of 1.0 N NaoH or 10% Ca (oH)2 recorded the lowest values of dextran content of 177and 179 ppm/Brix; respectively.
3- Effect of different chemical treatment of healthy sugar beet root on sucrose content (dry weight) during storage.
the effect of different chemical treatment of healthy sugar beet root on sucrose content has been studied at the beginning of storage control sample had sucrose content of 77.47% and reached to 55.41% as least value at the end of storage period. was 1% Ca(oH)2 recorded the highest value of on sucrose content at the end of storage (69.74% followed by 10% and 2% at the same treatment (68.8% and 62.74%; respectively)
4- Effect of different chemical treatment of injured sugar beet root on sucrose content (dry weight) during storage.
Roots treated by 10% Ca(oH)2 ,1.0N NaoH show highly difference with control samples and recorded the highest mean value of sucrose content at the end of storage period. There were different between all storage periods.
5- Effect of chemical treatment on the change in sucrose recovery% during storage periods.
The sugar recovery of all sample treated with different chemical was also decreased, but less than the control sample the decreased of sugar recovery is due to increase of amino nitrogen, potassium and sodium content during storage. The presence of &-N, K and Na disturbed the crystallization process and therefore more sugar retained in molasses.
6- Effect of chemical treatment on the change in sucrose loss in wastes during storage periods.
The loss of sucrose in wastes increased during storage of control samples as well as of samples treated with different chemicals. This loss was higher in the control than the other samples. The pest treatment, which gave the lowest sucrose loss value, was 0.5N of NaoH was 3.77 while the highest one was 10% Ca(OH)2was424.
7- Effect of chemical treatment on quality index or zone during storage.
the high values of quality were achieved by the treatment of beet roots with NaoH at 0.1N, Na2S2O5 at 2500ppm, and Ca (OH)2 at 1%. The recorded values were 81.0, 80.80 and 81.33, respectively. These values show that the quality of all treated samples was increased than that the zero time. Whereas the quality of the control decreased from 78.74 to 68.04% at the end of storage period.
8- Effect of chemical treatments of healthy beet root on sodium content during storage periods.
At the end of storage periods control sample and roots treated by 10% ,2% Ca(oH)2 or 1.0N NaoH were recorded the highest values of sodium content of healthy sugar beet roots. While roots treated with 2500ppm Na2S2O5 recorded moderate values of sodium content. Under all chemical treatments sodium content of roots increased slightly during storage. The increase may be to the high loss of moisture during storage
9-Effect of different chemical treatments of injured sugar beet root on sodium content during storage.
At the end of storage period the lowest values of sodium content were achieved by treatment with 1000ppm Na2S2O5. While roots treated by 10% Ca(oH)2 or 1.0N NaoH recorded the highest values of sodium content at the end of storage period. Control sample recorded the highest value of sodium content during and the end of storage period.
10- Effect of chemical treatments of healthy beet root on potassium content during storage periods.
The potassium content increase by prolonging of storage. A significant deference was found between the first storage period (0 days) and the last one (9 days). At the end storage period control sample and roots treated by 10% Ca(oH)2 1.0 N NaoH recorded the highest increase in potassium content of healthy sugar beet roots.
11- Effect of chemical treatments of injured beet root on potassium content during storage periods.
there are no significant differences between control and roots treated with 10% Ca(oH)2 ,2500ppm Na2S2O5 and 1.0N NaoH. While there are significant differences between control and another treated sample.
12- Effect of chemical treatments of healthy beet roots on α-amino nitrogen content during storage.
Roots without treatment and roots treated by 0.1N NaoH or 2% Ca(oH)2 recorded the highest values of alpha amino nitrogen at the end storage periods.
The lowest value of alpha amino nitrogen contents of healthy beet roots by the using 10% Ca(oH)2 ,100ppm Na2S2O5and 1.0N NaoH gore at the end storage periods. The Alpha amino nitrogen generally increases in control and treated samples with increasing in control and treated sample with increasing of storage periods. This may be due higher loss of moisture during storage.
13- Effect of chemical treatments of injured beet roots on α-amino nitrogen content during storage.
The effect of different chemical treatments of injured sugar beet roots on the change in α-amino nitrogen content during storage was studied. illustrated the change in α-amino nitrogen of the treatment with different chemical treatments of during storage periods. show that all treatments affect the content of in α-amino nitrogen during storage. The use of 1% Ca(oH)2 recoded the lowest mean value of α-amino nitrogen of injured sugar beet roots. The roots treated with 5% Ca(oH)2 ,0.1N NaoH and 0.1N NaoH recoded the lowest mean value of α-amino nitrogen during storage among treated samples.
14- Effect of dextran enzyme on viscosity of raw juice, clear juice and syrup after different incubation time.
The effect of dextranase on viscosity reduction in the raw juice is illustrated in Table (1) and Fig. (2) At 0 u /100ml of raw juice and 0 /min of incubation time the viscosity was 1.79 cp. But after adding dextranase enzyme by10u/100ml raw juice the viscosity was reduced by 8.37% ,15.08% and 20.11% after 10 ,20 and 30 min on incubation respectively.
15- Effect of various levels of dextranase enzyme on dextran of raw juice after different incubation periods.
It could be seen that 10u/ml dextranase enzyme had very little on degradation with only 12% reduction after 10 minutes. Extending the incubation time to 20and 30 min.at the same concentration led to slight improvement of dextran reduction 25% and 30%, respectively.
Treatment with 20u dextranase /100ml/raw juice reduced 23%,50% and 60% of dextran after 10,20 and 30min respectively.
61- Effect of harvest period at different processing stages on count of Leuconostoc mesenteroides bacteria.
showed that the total viable count affected by clarification process. Whereas the total viable count reduced from 33×104 ,44×104 and 46×104 cfu in raw juice to 29×104 ,26×104 and 27×104 cfu in clear juice at different harvesting month (march, April and may respectively).