الفهرس 
GENERAL INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C is considered as a main cause of death, and morbidity that affects up to 185 million people around the world and frequently progresses to cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. Sofosbuvir is the first in class oral direct acting as antiviral agent which binds to and inhibits the function of the hepatitis C virus protein NS5A. Sofosbuvir is reported to have a limited oral bioavailability, one of the possible reasons is its affinity for P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transporters as it is a substrate for it and substrate for breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), consequently, the drug plasma concentration in addition to its antiviral activity can be affected when taken with P-gp inhibitors. The intestinal P-gp efflux transporter has an important role in limiting intestinal absorption of orally absorbed drugs. P-glycoprotein efflux system reduces bioavailability of drugs that enter the intestinal mucosa. Although these drugs are absorbed technically, they may not be bioavailable. If the p-glycoprotein could be selectively and reversibly inhibited, the bioavailability of many orally absorbed drugs could be dramatically increased. A lot of medications are inhibitors of P-gp efflux transporters. One of those drugs is Verapamil, a first generation calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine group, which is a known P-gp inhibitor