الفهرس 
ُEnglish CoverOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
There are many researches currently has been running to study how to develop the cancer diagnosis and treatment. Researchers are trying to improve the new testing techniques for better understanding of the disease. Diagnostic tests are considered an important research subject because, in some cases, they allow for early detection of the disease. When the detection of cancer is early, it is beneficial because it often improves the patient prognosis. During the past several years, there has been a growing interest in optical spectroscopic detection of tumors. In this thesis, we discussed diagnostic spectroscopic techniques (Fourier transform infrared- Raman spectroscopy- Fluorescence spectroscopy) that were used to diagnose the solid tumor tissue which treated by photodynamic therapy. In photodynamic therapy (PDT), photochemical reaction induced by optical activation of sensitizer molecules cause destruction of the solid tumor that planted by Ehrlich ascites in the thigh of rates. The dynamic treatment was evaluated by Fluorescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Fluorescence spectroscopy, presented the alteration in spectra of endogenous fluorophores including structural amino acids such as (tyrosine), coenzyms such as flavin and lipid (porphyrin). The fluorescence of the endogenous molecules plays an important role in analyzing the activity in malignant tissues and treated tissues, these spectra of fluorescence was compared with normal tissue spectrum to distinguish what the alteration in the endogenous fluorophores. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate the vibrational transitions of proteins (amid II, phylnaline) and lipids (phospholipid, CH2 asymmetric stretching) after tissues preparing. The higher maximum peak intensity of proteins was observed in malignant tissues than that in normal and treated tissue. Lipids were of high concentration in normal and treated tissues than in malignant tissues. Raman spectroscopy was used to detect the cancerous tissues before and after treatment. It was accurate and easy to use for detection and observation of changings of lipids and proteins in malignant and treated tissues. These spectroscopic techniques can be applied successfully to increase the potentiality for acurate diagnosis and follow up of treatment of cancer and thus, reduce complications and health care costs.