الفهرس 
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Abstract
The Egyptian coastal areas are a natural and economic resource of extraordinary value which are highly influenced by the global climate change and sea level rise. Thus, the necessity of assessing the impact of coastal hazardous has become an important practical requirement in Egypt for the implementation of development plans in these vital areas. The absence of precise quantitative estimation of future sea level rise impacts, is one of the major challenges along the Egyptian coasts. Therefore, the decision-makers are facing difficulties in determining the better coastal protection measures to achieve sustainable urban development without using reliable heterogeneous datasets. This research aims to formulate an early warning methodological framework of coastal hazards on urban development by using geomatics to support the decision-makers in planning the needed adaptation strategies. To achieve the purpose of this research and objectives, mathematical and statistical methods following the quantitative, deductive /analytical, and applied approaches were used on two -study areas with different environmental and terrains characteristics along the Mediterranean Sea (Nile Delta) and the Red Sea(from Hurghada to Marsa Alam) with around 200 km long parallel to the shoreline and 500 meters wide (perpendicular to the shoreline).The adopted research methodology consists of four phases. As, sea level rise (SLR) is currently posing a serious threat to coastal communities in Egypt and around the world. Therefore, in the first phase, the recent available tide gauges measurements were compared with the emission scenarios by the recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) for setting sea level rise planning scenarios taking into consideration the local and global factors. As, the results of coastal flood risk assessments are largely relying on the accuracy of digital elevation model data. Therefore, in the second phase a mathematical scale factor formula was derived to obtain higher vertical accuracy of one of the freely available digital elevation model (SRTM ) to achieve the requirements for coastal inundation studies at different terrain areas with minimum volume of field measurements. Also, the increasing potential of the coastal flooding and strong wave action and other natural events due to the global sea level rise is worsening the severity of the coastal erosion problem. Thus, this problem needs a high frequency monitoring for the Shoreline movements which cannot be achieved by the traditional ground surveying technique due to its higher labor cost and lower efficiency. Therefore, in the third phase the accuracy of different automatic shoreline extraction methods from different free satellite sensors was evaluated, and then the latest information regarding coastal erosion rates are detected for both study areas .Many coastal settlements in Egypt have been placed too close to the shoreline areas. Therefore, in the last phase, Hotspot’s areas are identified and the impact of SLR on SDGs progress at the local level was investigated. The findings of this research confirm that integration of geomatics technologies provides coastal disaster managers, engineers and planners with an opportunity for more efficient utilization of spatial data for hazard assessments and adaptation strategies determination.
مستخلص الرسالة (لغة إنجليزية ):
Abstract:
The Egyptian coastal areas are a natural and economic resource of extraordinary value which are highly influenced by global climate change and sea-level rise. The absence of precise quantitative estimation of sea-level rise impacts is considered one of the major challenges. This research aims to formulate an early warning methodological framework of coastal hazards on urban development by using geomatics to support the decision-makers in planning the needed adaptation strategies. The research methodology consists of four phases. In the first phase, the recently available tide gauges measurements were compared with the emission scenarios by the recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) for setting sea level rise planning scenarios taking into consideration the local and global factors. As the results of coastal flood risk assessments are largely relying on the accuracy of digital elevation model data. Therefore, in the second phase, a mathematical scale factor formula was derived to obtain higher vertical accuracy of one of the freely available digital elevation models (SRTM) to achieve the requirements for coastal inundation studies with a minimum volume of field measurements. The proposed methodological framework was applied to two -study areas with different environmental and terrains characteristics along the Mediterranean and the Red Seas in Egypt. In the third phase, the accuracy of different automatic shoreline extraction methods from different satellite sensors was evaluated, and then the latest information regarding coastal erosion rates is detected for both study areas. In the last phase, Hotspot’s areas are identified and the impact of SLR on SDGs progress at the local level was investigated. The findings of this research confirm that the integration of geomatics technologies provides coastal disaster managers, engineers, and planners with an opportunity for more efficient utilization of spatial data for hazard assessments and adaptation strategies determination.
Key words:
sea-level rise, geomatics, coastal hazards, SRTM, shoreline extraction methods, urban development, SDGs progress