الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary : The experiments were carried out at El-Prince village, Desouk district, Kafr El-Sheikh governorate in 2019, and 2020, to study the factors affecting division swarming and some honeybee products. to investigate the following points : The effect of three honeybee hybrids on brood rearing. The effect of pollen substitute on brood rearing. The effect of time on brood rearing. The effect of pollen substitute, hybrids and time on the blood cells. 1. Honeybee activity in brood rearing. 1.1. Effect of hybrids in brood rearing. 1.1.1. Activity in brood rearing at different months of the season. The highest values of the open brood cells recorded at the craniolan hybrid during the four seasons; summer, autumn, winter and spring recording 1037.7, 906.08, 882.74 and 980.13 cells/ colony, respectivety. on the other hand, the Italian hybrid came in the last category and presented 630.29, 486.18, 440.19 and 536.48 cells/ colony during the four season, respectivety. Also, the highest values of the sealed brood cells were recorded at the craniolan hybrid during the four season ,summer, autumn, winter and spring 964.98, 801.14, 769.64, and 838.94 cells/ colony, respectivety. on the other hand, the Italian hybrid came in the last category and presented 630.29, 486.18, 440.19 and 536.48 cells/ colony during the four season, respectivety. 1.1.2. Activity in brood rearing at season. Concerning the open brood rearing of hybrids during the value season, the highest value was recorded at the Craniolan hybrid (1037.69) followed by the Buckfast (853.54) on summer season. The lowest value was recorded at the Italian hybrid (436.48) in autumn season. Whereas, in the Sealed brood cell the highest value was recorded at the Craniolan hybrid (838.94) in spring season followed by the Buckfast (629.04) on summer. The lowest value was recorded at the Italian hybrid (477.57) on winter. 1.1.3. Activity in brood rearing around the year. In the Craniolan’s open brood cell, the highest value was recorded on July (1094.94) and the least value (852.39) was recorded in January. In the Italian’s open brood cell, the highest value was recorded in July (675.28). and the lowest value (424.61) was recorded in February. Although in the Buckfast’s open brood cell, the highest value was recorded in July (910.28) . and the least (546.17) was recorded in February. Regarding the sealed brood, in the Craniolan’s sealed brood cell recorded the highest value in July (1009.39) and the lowest (751) was recorded in January. In the Italian’s Sealed brood cell, the highest value was recorded in July (684.28) and the lowest (469.89) was recorded in February. In the Buckfast’s Sealed brood cell, the highest value was recorded in July (829.22) and the lowest (504.56) was recorded in January. 2. Effect of pollen substitute kind on brood rearing. 2.1. The Craniolan hybrid. The highest values of the open brood were recorded using substitute B during the four seasons; summer, autumn, winter and spring and presented by (1359.5, 1171.7, 1130.7 and 1277) , respectivety. Whereas, the lowest value (972, 753.8, 678.4 and 819) was recorded under substitute A respectivety. The highest values of the sealed brood were recorded during the four seasons; summer, autumn, winter and spring presented by 1134.43, 1024.16, 1019.86 and 1068.9, respectively under substitute C. On the otherhand, the lowest values were 668.07, 550.43, 527.37 and 534.7, respectively recorded under substitute B. The Italian hybrid. 2.2. The highest values of open brood were recorded during the four season; summer, autumn, winter and spring presented by 705.73, 630.1, 615.8 and 738.83, respectivety under substitute C. on the otherhand, substitute A resulted in the least value of 568.5, 401.93, 316.7 and 374.77, respectivety. The highest values of the sealed brood were recorded during the four seasons; summer, autumn, winter and spring presented with 684.1, 575.57, 602.5 and 707.7, respectivety under substitute C. on the otherhand, the lowest values of 568.5, 433.74, 372.77 and 424.07, respectivety were recorded under substitute A. 2.3. The Buckfast hybrid. The highest value (1050.2) open brood was recorded during the summer season by using the substitute B, while, the highest values using substitute A were recorded during the autumn, winter and spring presented by 905.3, 832.9 and 934.7, respectivety. on the otherhand, the least values of 475.7, 318.4, 196.5 and 260.8, respectivety were recorded in the substitute C. The highest values during the three seasons; summer, winter and spring presented by 919.9, 752.03 and 898.1, respectivety were recorded under substitute A, while the highest value during autumn season (782.9) was recorded under substitute B. on the otherhand, the least values 510.3, 338.2, 184.1 and 248.7 were recorded under substitute C during the four seasons; summer, autumn, winter and spring, respectivety. 3. Honeybee activity on gathering honey and propolis. In the Craniolan hybrid, through 18 month the highest quantity of propolis (110 g) was found under the substitute C. As the least value was recorded under the substitute A (80 g). Concerning propolis yield in the Italian hybrid, through 18 month, the highest quantity of propolis (87.5 g) was obtained under the substitute C. and the lowest value was recorded with the substitute B (65 g).