الفهرس 
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Abstract
Amblyopia is associated with reduced visual acuity, either unilaterally or bilaterally, and defects in contrast sensitivity and ocular motion during reading without organic cause obvious with physical examination of the eye. Around 5% of population is affected by amblyopia.
This study done at the ophthalmology department at the Menoufia university hospital aimed to evaluate whether there is a difference in central macular thickness (CMT) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness between the two eyes of individuals having amblyopia using optical coherence tomography (OCT).
Seventy two patients were included in the study with unilateral amblyopia. Any patient with history of previous ocular surgery, Corneal opacity, Nystagmus, Retinal pathology as diabetic retinopathy, Glaucoma and Cataract was excluded.
Those patient were classified according to their ambylogenic factor into three groups as Anisometropic, Deprivational and Strabismic and then Anisometropic groups were further classified according to refractive power into three subgroup Anisoastigmatic, Anisohypermetropic and Anisomyopic.
Regarding peripapillary RNFL, there was highly statistically significant increase in the mean of Nasal RNFL thickness in amblyopic eye compared to fellow eye but there was no statistically significant differences between two eyes as regard the mean of superior, inferior and temporal RNFL thickness.
And according to Amblyogenic factor classification in amblyopic eyes, there was no statistically significant differences in the mean of RNFL thickness in amblyopic eye compared to fellow eye in all groups expect in (Derivational group) there was highly statistically significant decrease in the mean of inferior RNFL thickness in amblyopic eye compared to fellow eye.
And then according to refractive power classification of anisometropic group there was no statistically significant difference in amblyopic eyes (anisomyopic subgroup) compared to fellow eyes, however there was statistically significant decrease in the mean of superior RNFL,inferior RNFL, and nasal RNFL, and also statistically significant increase in the mean of temporal RNFL, in amblyopic eyes (anisoastigmatic subgroup) compared to fellow eyes, while there was statistically significant increase in the mean of superior RNFL and nasal RNFL in amblyopic eyes (anisohypermetroic subgroup) compared to fellow eyes.
Also regarding central & average macular thickness, there were no statistically significant difference in amblyopic eyes compared with fellow eyes.