الفهرس 
المقدمةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
 |  | from | 235 |  |  |
| | | from | 235 | | |
المستخلص
This study revolves around (The Philosophical Foundations of Cognitive Psychology). Whereas the human brain is obfuscated by the mystery of the universe itself; Because in researching and dissecting it, it includes various fantasies, and that in recent years has witnessed amazing progress, it has become possible to dissect the brain, and thus we have realized its shape and contents, and discoveries have reached the knowledge of its cells most of them. And we now know a lot about the work of neurons, and yet we are still far from knowing all the compositions of neurons. The issue becomes more complicated when the brain’s work is monitored through imaging devices, magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography, and functional magnetic resonance imaging techniques in the working state. By studying the cognitive bases of neuropsychology and brain work, we address the aspect of the formation of the nervous system and the tasks performed by each organ, as we address the formation of the central nervous system from the spinal cord and the main function of the spinal cord is to transmit nerve messages from the brain to muscles and sensory messages from the body to the brain In higher species, the higher parts are only well developed, in contrast the lower parts of the brain seem to have complex basic functions (breathing, swallowing, digestion, heartbeat). Through the recent study, we were able to review the study of Dr. Richard Smith of the Department of Genetics and Genomics at Children’s Hospital in Boston in the United States on four patients with polycystic gyrus. The cerebral cortex contains many small irregular folds, and many affected children suffer from it. Severe developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, and epilepsy, some of which require the use of a wheelchair. Smith says after ATPIA3 is critical in many biological processes of cells and are considered the most important genes found in our brains. And it has a basic role in the formation of the brain and says ATPIA3 encodes a proxin that is part of the cellular pump, it transports sodium and potassium ions beyond the cell membrane allowing our cells to maintain different concentrations of charged ions on both sides, and this difference enables electrical currents to flow into cells or “Through study and training, it was compelling, as to understand how wheat proteins and ion flow contribute to the basic mechanisms of brain development, we got a lot of great biological insights, and to answer the question of when and where they turn on, what triggers action potentials in neurons,” Smith says. ATPIA3 in the typical developing brain? The researchers analyzed samples twice in early brain development around week 20 of gestation, when the fetal cortex first begins to flex, and in infants shortly after birth. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and in collaboration with Marta Flora at Harvard Medical School, they investigated how ATPIA3 is switched on in approximately 125,000 individual neurons from 11 regions of the prenatal fetal cortex. The neocortex is the most developed part of the brain and it is called the ””gyri””. The cerebral cortex is divided into two halves, the left and the right hemisphere, in the right half of the brain it consists of four lobes (frontal, occipital, frontal, parietal) and Wernicke’s area responsible for Language processing, and the hippocampus is responsible for memory, which is a common area in the brain, so the left and right hemispheres of the cerebral cortex in general are different in terms of processing. By magnetic resonance, it is possible to know what happens when a certain arithmetic process is retrieved by activating the left frontal lobe, and by moving the hand, the somatosensory cortex is activated, and so on. In this study, the researcher used the analytical method to analyze the texts that she will return to in this study as an appropriate method. This study came in an introduction, four chapters and a conclusion, including the most important results and recommendations, then a list of sources and references, which are as follows: Introduction. Chapter One: Cognitive Psychology and its Relationship to Consciousness and Perception: In it we will talk about the philosophical method, and some of its definitions, which are questions related to the mind, the material and immaterial brain, and the things that give us knowledge and experience. We will explain what is the mind according to the views of ancient philosophers such as Aristotle and Plato, and then what is cognitive psychology? What is perception, attention, awareness, sensory perception, and the processes related to it? The human brain is the mystery of the universe because it consists of millions of neurons, and brain cells have the ability to generate electrical energy, and cognitive psychology is also a branch of cognitive psychology that deals with many mental processes that underlie behavior and perception of things, and then we come to the conclusion Perception is related to consciousness and is related to cognitive psychology and thus through diseases related to the nervous system, and the brain is responsible for awareness and perception. Chapter Two: The philosophical foundations of the work of the brain and neurons: In the context of brain growth and development and the modifications that appeared in the technical body, it is the main fiber channel that connects the half of the brain, and it is important in the delivery of perceptual, memorial and volitional information. And the stages of growth in this body, and the knowledge of some diseases related to the corpus callosum and the other brain through the use of tomography and magnetic resonance imaging devices Chapter Three: The Biological Basis of Brain Function: This is known through an understanding of the physiology that occurs in perception, attention, memory, decision-making and problem solving, all of these are expressions of physiological and other processes that occur in the brain, and the basic principles and surrounding environmental culture affect the nervous system in that one of the characteristics of the brain here is adaptation to the surrounding environment Distinctive expressions are fundamental to the theory of evolution, and although the origin of morphological evolution in primates has been extensive research in the cerebral cortex of the individual has confirmed that no neurons were added during the animal’s 30-year period by modern methods and techniques. Chapter Four: Cognitive Communication from Stem Cells Perspective and its Relationship to Knowledge: Organs such as the skin and liver are adept at regenerating themselves when exposed to damage, the biological properties of stem cells, the cerebral cortex, stem cell types, and stem cell therapies. Conclusion.