الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of studyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies occurring worldwide. Bladder cancer develops predominantly in males with a ratio male: female (3:1). In developed countries, Urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) is the predominant bladder tumor (>90%) of cases. In Egypt, previous research has reported a significant decrease in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) over the past 30 years but the overall bladder cancer incidence is steady due to increase in UCC and this has been explained due to decrease in S.haematobium (SH) with increase in smoking .
The most common presenting symptom is painless hematuria, seen in >80% of patients. Others may also present with irritative symptoms such as dysuria, frequency or urgency. Symptoms of metastases such as bone or flank pain are rare. A complete history and physical examination should be undertaken, together with laboratory tests evaluating full blood counts and renal function. Bladder ultrasonography most frequently gives an initial suspicious image, but final diagnosis of bladder cancer is based on cystoscopy and evaluation of the resected tissue.
In this study we prospectively assessed urinary bladder carcinoma patterns (clinically, radiologically and histopathologically) and assessed sensitivity of urine cytology in diagnosis of bladder cancer.
This study was conducted on 120 with bladder cancer. Male: female ratio was 5:1 with median age of 59.73 years. About 80 cases were from rural area.
The main presenting symptom was gross hematuria with clots in about 72% of cases.
During this study, sensitivity of urine cytology was 32.5 % and noticed that it increased mainly with high grade tumors.
We did complete TURBT in 50 cases for masses with size lower than 3 cm and histopathology of all resected tumors showed that, about 78 cases were TCC, 36 were SCC and 6 were ADC. About 62.5%of cases were high grade tumors.
During this study, we assessed correlation between urine cytology and tumor grading and the relation was statistically significant but on the other hand, the relation between cytology and tumor staging was statistically insignificant.