الفهرس 
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Abstract
Pollution of soil with sewage sludge is a major constraint to food production because it limits crop yield and restricts the use of land previously uncultivated. The growth and development of glycophytes are negatively affected by high sewage sludge pollution concentrations. Plant facing during its growth a number of stresses simultaneously like heavy metals, and on other side plant phytohormones can be used to increase plant tolerance to sewage sludge injury.
The current work could be summarized in two parts:
A. The first part was carried out at the vegetative stage to investigate the effect of different sewage sludge levels (0.0, 20%, 50%, 70% and 100%) and interaction with either IAA (200ppm) or SA (10 mg) on growth parameters of three broad bean cultivars (Giza 843, Sakha 1 and Giza 716). These cultivars brought from the International Research Centre of Agriculture.
B. The second part was conducted to study the effect of different levels of sewage sludge (0.0, 20%, 50%, 70% and 100%) and interaction with phytohormones on the growth and metabolic sequences during the crop yield stages of three broad bean cultivars.
The obtained results can be summarized in the following points:
* At the vegetative stage, the successive increase in sewage sludge levels induced relative reduction in fresh and dry matter of root, stem and leaf of the cv. Giza 843 and cv. Giza 716. Additionally, there was a reduction effect in the length of root and stem, leaf area and number of leaves.
While an increasing effect in these parameters was recorded in cv. Sakha 1. Accordingly, these cultivars were ranked as follows:
cv. Sakha 1> cv. Giza 843 > cv. Giza 716.
* Phytohormonal treatment with sewage sludge levels induced an enhancement effect in fresh and dry matter of root, stem and leaf, leaf area, number of leaf in both two cultivars Giza 843 and Giza 716. While these treatments had no effect on growth parameters in cv. Sakha 1. However, pigment contents increased as increasing sewage sludge with phytohormones.
* Soluble sugars were decreased in roots, stems in the three tested cultivars, while in the leaf an increase was detected in the three cultivars. On the other side, total sugars were accumulated in the root and stem and a reduction effect was recorded in the leaf of Giza 843 and Sakha 1.
* Phytohormonal treatment with sewage sludge levels increase soluble and total sugar in cv. Giza 843. However, no change was recorded in cv. Sakha 1, except soluble sugar in stem and leaf. In cv. Giza 716, there was an increasing effect in the accumulation of soluble and total sugar.
* The successive increase in sewage sludge levels reduced the accumulation of soluble and total protein in three organs of cv. Giza 843. This treatment also decreased the soluble sugar in the leaf of cv. Sakha1and the total protein in root and leaf. An increasing effect was detected in the soluble protein in the root of cv. Sakha 1 and in the three organs of cv. Giza 716. This enhancement effect was obviously in the total protein in the stem of cv. Sakha 1and in the three organs of cv. Giza 716.
* Phytohormonal treatment with sewage sludge increased the soluble protein in root and stem of Giza 843 and Sakha 1. This effect was also exposed in the total protein in the root of cv. Giza 843 and in root and leaf of cv. Sakha 1.
* Proline content increases as increased sewage sludge levels in the three organs of cv. Giza 943 and cv. Sakha 1 and in the root and leaf of cv. Giza 716.
* Phytohormonal treatment with sewage sludge generally increased proline content in the root and leaf of cv. Giza 843, in root and leaf of both cultivars Sakha 1 and Giza 716.
* As increases sewage sludge levels decreased anthocyanin in the different organs of cv. Giza 843 and cv. Giza 716 while a slight increasing effect was recorded in cv. Sakha1 organs. Phytohormonal treatment with sewage sludge increased generally unchanged anthocyanin pigment.
* When increasing sewage sludge levels decreased the AsA content in three tested cultivars. Phytohormonal treatment with sewage sludge increased AsA content in the three cultivars.
* Increasing sewage sludge did not affect the flavonoid content in cv. Giza 843, cv. Giza 176 while a slight increase was detected in flavonoid content. Phytohormonal treatment with sewage sludge exhibited no marked change in the flavonoid content in tested cultivars.
* While free phenolic decreased in cv. Giza 843 while increased in both cultivars Sakha 1 and Giza 716 as increasing sewage sludge levels. Phytohormonal treatment with sewage sludge induced enhancement effect in cultivars Sakha 1 and Giza 716, and in cv. Giza 843 with IAA treatment.
* Increasing sewage sludge levels decreased phenolic compounds in cv. Giza 843 and increased in cv. Sakha 1 and cv. Giza 716. Phytohormonal treatment with sewage sludge increased phenolic compounds in the three tested cultivars.
* DPPH decreased with increasing sewage sludge Levels in three cultivars. Phytohormonal treatment with sewage sludge did not chang the DPPH content.
* Increasing sewage sludge levels increased Ca++ in root and leaf of cv. Giza 843 and Sakha 1 and decreased Ca++ in the three organs of Giza 716. Increasing sewage sludge levels with phytohormones increased Ca++ in the leaf of cv. Giza 843 and three organs of cv. Sakha 1 and cv. Giza 716.
* Mg++ content decreased in root and leaf and unchanged in the stem of cv. Giza 843. Also, the increasing effect was recorded in the Mg++ in cv. Sakha 1 and Giza 716. Increasing sewage sludge levels with phytohormones increased Mg++ in cv. Giza 843, leaf in cv. Sakha1 and in stem of cv. Giza 716.
In pod stage:
* Increasing sewage sludge levels increased fresh, dry matter, length and the number of pods in two cultivars Giza 843 and Sakha 1. While, these increase in pods numbers, decreased fresh, dry matter, length and the number of pods in the cv. Giza 716 and these cultivars ranked as follows:
Cv. Giza 843> cv. Sakha 1> cv. Giza 716
* Increasing sewage sludge levels with phytohormones increased fresh, dry matter, length and the number of pods in the three cultivars.
* Increasing sewage sludge levels increased soluble and total sugars and soluble and total protein in three tested cultivars. Increasing sewage sludge levels with phytohormones increased these contents in three cultivars.
* As increasing sewage sludge levels a decreasing effect was recorded in the proline content of cv. Giza 843 and cv. Sakha 1. While a reduction was observed in cv. Giza 716. Hormonal application plus sewage sludge showed a variable response between increasing and decreasing effect in proline content.
* Ca++ was decreased, whereas Mg++ was not changed in pods of cv. Giza 843 with increasing SSL. While in pods of cv. Sakha 1 Ca++ was increased and Mg++ was not changed. Also, Ca++ was decreased, and Mg++ was increased in pods of cv. Giza 716 with elevating SSL. Generally, hormonal treatments plus SSL did not affect Ca++ and Mg++.
* When increasing sewage sludge, Zn did not change, Ni was increased, Pb and Cu were decreased in cv. Giza 843. In cv. Sakha 1 a decreasing effect in Zn, Ni, Pb and Cu was recorded. Moreover, in cv. Giza 716 an increasing effect in the accumulation of Ni, Zn, Pb and Cu was recorded. Hormonal application plus sewage sludge showed a variable response between increasing and decreasing effects in Zn, Ni, Pb and Cu in the three tested cultivars.