الفهرس 
AbstractOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Chapter (1)
The introduction discusses the viable commercial sustainable usage of wastes with beneficial targets. The key of waste-management systems is the ability to aggregate waste into meaningful volumes and then to develop an organized supply chain. Environmental problem of wastes; (smell, gases, land…), and fossils; (GHG), growing demand of fossil fuels consumption, and foreign currency pressures. The introduction highlights the domestic fuel crisis, the crisis in Egypt that was originated from intensive consumption for the heavy industries of fossil fuels that turned from usual exporting in the near future, to be imported commodity that represents a hindrance for the country to financial growing.
The country passed upgrading from usual fossil fuel up to obligated alternative fuels at cement plants. Briefed cement industry in Egypt and manufacturing process.
Chapter (2)
This chapter discuss AFs varieties in cement kilns, criteria of AF to be used in the cement plant, optimizing AFs to pyro process, installation systems of AFs in cement plants, advantages and challenges of AFs, sustainability of AF and state of the art and future of waste management.
Chapter (3)
This chapter illustrate in technical details, application of new mix of two alternative fuels in Egyptian cement plant. Study proved feasibility of using RDF mix with rice husks as an alternative fuel in clinker cement production and established that RDF mix could be added up to 17%. In addition, adding varied portions of rice husks (1-5%) had no considerable influences on the burnability of the raw mix, neither on chemical nor physical properties of the clinkers of manufactured cement. The addition of RDF mix decreased the concentration of NOx during gases emissions, although the amount of SOx gas was not affected at the calcining temperature, suggesting that the RDF mix should be processed at high temperatures (above 950 o C). Finally, adding RDF mix with rice husks (at 5%) was shown to have the capacity to effectively reduce electrical power consumption by 13%. Overall this study has successfully identified that clinker and cement chemical and physical properties persisted at the Egyptian and European standards with addition of 5% rice husks to the RDF. This study has proven that this mix could be economically useful; stabilize the operation of an alternative fuel without the need for expensive modification of transportation system, allowing many more mixes to be considered, and having substantial benefit to both plant operators and the sustainability of the cement industry.
Chapter (4)
Motivation required for smart management for the resources of fuels and energy in different consumptions, besides minimizing subsidies for industrial section are common challenges toward healthy economic and environment.