الفهرس 
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Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is characterized by variable genetic and biological features and clinical behaviors.
Although immunochemotherapy based on rituximab and doxorubicin can improve patient survival, refractoriness to therapy occurs. Thus, development of a novel therapeutic strategy for DLBCL is warranted.
The main results of the study revealed that:
• The mean age of group I was 43.2±15.5 with range (19-81) while the mean age of group II was 44.7±17.8 with range (19-81).
• As for sex there were 30 ( 60%) males and 20 ( 40%) females in group I and there were 16 (53.3%) males and 14 (46.7%) females in group II.
• There was no statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard Age and Sex.
• the median AST for group I was 30.5 and the median AST for group II was 21, the median ALT for group I was 33 and the median ALT for group II was 22, the median DB for group I was 0.2 and the median DB for group II was 0.1, the median TB for group I was 0.7 and the median TB for group II was 0.5 and the mean Albumin for group I was 3.8±0.3 with range (3.3-4.5) and the mean Albumin for group II was 4.2 ±0.2 with range (3.9-4.6).
• There was a high statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard AST, ALT and Albumin (P=0.0001,P=0 .0001, P=0.0001) respectively. While there was statistically significant difference as regard DB and TB (P=0.02, P=0.001) respectively.
• the mean urea for group I was 35.5±13.6 with range (19-71) while the mean urea for group II was 28±3.8 with range (22-35).
• The mean Creatinine for group I was 1±0.2 with range (0.6-1.7) while the mean Creatinine for group II was 0.8±0.1 with range (0.7-1.2).
• There was a high statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard urea and creatinine (P=0.0001, P=0.02) respectively.
• The mean Hemoglobin for group I was 11.5±1.5 with range (7.5-14) while the mean Hemoglobin for group II was 14±1.5with range (12-17.1).
• The mean WBCs for group I was 6.7±2 with range (3.2-10.5) while the mean WBCs for group II was 6.9±1.8 with range (4.4-10.2).
• The mean Platelets for group I was 257.8±87.7 with range (72-440) while the mean Platelets for group II was 285.4±77.2 with range (176-416).
• There was a high statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard Hemoglobin (P=0.0001) while there was no statistically significant difference as regard WBCs and Platelets.
• The mean FBS for group I was 95.6±18.7with range (74-161) while the mean FBS for group II was 89.5±8.3 with range (76-104).
• The mean 2hpp for group I was 139±48 with range (98-340) while the mean 2hpp for group II was 124±6.7 with range (114-136).
• There was a statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard FBS and 2hpp (P=0.04, P=0.02) respectively .
• The mean LDH for group I was 660±286 with range (315-1945) while the mean LDH for group II was 211±30 with range (165-264).
• There was a high statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard LDH (P=0.0001).
• for Hepatomegaly there were (44.4%) +ve and (55.6%) –ve in group I while there were (0%) +ve and (100%) –ve in group II.
• For Splenomegaly there were (50%) +ve and (50%) –ve in group I while there were (0%) +ve and (100%) –ve in group II.
• For Lymphadenopathy there were (100%) +ve and (0%) –ve in group I while there were (0%) +ve and (100%) –ve in group II.
• There was a high statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard Hepatomegaly, Splenomegaly and Lymphadenopathy (P=0.0001, P=0.0001, P=0.0001)respectively.
• The mean PD-L1 for group I was 58.1±25.8 with range (4.5-96) while the mean PD-L1 for group II was 3.6±0.9 with range (1.5-5.5).
• There was a high statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard PD-L1 .
• According to Pearson’s rho there was a high negative correlation between PDL-1and Hb and PD-L1 and Albumin (P=0.0001 ).
• There was a positive correlation between PD-L1 and these parameters( AST, ALT, and DB ) (P=0.002 , P=0.01, P=0.009) respectively.
• Also there was a positive correlation between PD-L1 and Urea and Creatinine(P=0.002, P=0.02) respectively .
• there was a high positive correlation between PD-L1 and Hepatomegaly, Splenomegaly and Lymphadenopathy (P=0.0001)
• Using roc curve, it was shown that PDL-1 can be used to discriminate between patients and controls with AUC 0.98 at a cutoff level of 4.7, with 92% sensitivity, 80% specificity, 82% PPV and 90% NPV.