الفهرس 
المقدمةOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are the most common malignant tumors in humans. NMSC represents around 80% of the total amount of cutaneous cancers, with an incidence rate 20 times that of melanoma). The most common type of NMSC is basal cell carcinoma (BCC) which accounts for 75–80% of these cases with a lifetime incidence of around 30%, followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (15–20% of NMSC, lifetime incidence 10%).
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin is the most common cancer in humans. It originates from pluripotent cells in the basal layer of the epidermis or follicular structures. BCC usually grows slowly and stays in the area where it first developed. So it is generally discovered at a stage where it can be completely removed in surgery.
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second more common cutaneous malignancy. It is particularly common in older people over the age of 60. It nearly always develops on parts of the body that are exposed to the sun, especially on the face, ears, lower lip and the back of your hands. SCC is a biologically aggressive tumor that usually metastasizes following local invasion and tissue destruction.
The myxovirus resistance 1 (Mx1) gene is one of the most prominent interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes in vertebrate that are highly activated when triggered by type I and III IFNs upon viral infection. Myxovirus resistant protein 1 (MxA) is thought to be a useful biomarker for monitoring IFN activity and predicting clinical efficacy during IFN therapy in patients with certain types of cancer. MxA has the potential importance in tumorigenesis and metastasis as well as in the treatment and prognosis of different cancers as MxA has a role in the inhibition of motility and invasiveness in some cancers, such as prostate carcinoma and melanoma. However, MxA appears to have different effects in other cancers as cancer breast and cancer colon. It was observed that reduced MxA level can suppress apoptosis during cancer development. Role of MxA in tumor still controversial especially in NMSC.