الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary and Conclusion
This clinical study was conducted to compare the antibacterial effect and degree of postoperative pain of single rotary and reciprocating file systems: Wave One Gold and One Shape in patients with uniradicular necrotic teeth after single visit root canal treatment using culture and PCR methods and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at 24, 48 and 72-hrs.
The study design was a double blinded randomized clinical trial as study participants and assessor did not know which Intervention has been received. Forty-two patients with uniradicular necrotic teeth received single visit root canal treatment. They were randomly divided into two groups (n=21) according to the type of the file system used, either Wave One Gold or One Shape. Pain was assessed using the VAS at 24, 48 and 72-hrs post-operatively as well as bacterial reduction was assessed using colony forming unit test and Polymerase Chain Reaction method.
All demographic data, clinical and VAS scores obtained from patients were analyzed and the results showed similarity between both groups regarding age, gender distribution and tooth type.
Concerning the antibacterial effect, chemomechanical preparation and irrigation with sodium hypochlorite resulted in a significant decrease in the bacterial concentration in both culture and PCR methods.
An observable DROP in pain levels in both groups was recorded at 24, 48 and 72-hrs. There was no statistically significant difference in VAS score values between both groups at 24 and 72 hours.
In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in pain incidence at different pain categories between the two tested groups at 24, 48 and 72 hours postoperatively.
Within the limitations of this study, it could be concluded that:
1- The single-file systems Wave One Gold and One Shape significantly reduce the bacterial number in the root canal and that there is no significant difference in their bacterial reduction abilities.
2- Pain intensity decreased with time in both groups in the first three days post-operatively and that there is no significant difference in their effect on post-operative pain.
3- Flare-ups are not a common outcome result in the root canal preparation using single file systems with rotary or reciprocating movement.
4- Culture and PCR methods are of valuable clinical approaches for bacterial detection with the advantage of the PCR one.