الفهرس 
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Abstract
Background: Preterm delivery (PTD) is defined as premature birth before the completion of thirty seven “37” weeks of gestation, it refers to the birth of a baby before the developing organs are mature enough to allow normal postnatal survival and it is responsible for about 26.5% of all neonatal deaths. The aim of the work: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the cervical gland area by transvaginal ultrasonography and the prediction of preterm labor Patients: This is a prospective; cohort study conducted on one hundred and sixty (160) pregnant women attending for antenatal care at outpatient clinics of obstetrics and gynecology departments of Mansoura university hospital and Damietta general hospital from October 2018 to June 2020. Methods: All patients subjected to full history taking, gestational age and past history of preterm labor was recorded, basic laboratory tests were performed including: complete blood count, urine analysis and liver and kidney function tests.Participants examined by trans-vaginal ultrasonography (TVUS) between 16th and 19th weeks of gestation to assess presence cervical gland area (CGA). The pregnant women were divided into two groups based on presence or absence of CGA: 1. group A : Pregnant women with present cervical gland area (CGA) by trans-vaginal ultrasonography 2. group B : Pregnant women with absent cervical gland area (CGA) by trans-vaginal ultrasonography Results& Conclusion: Frequency of preterm labor in absent CGA group by TVUS was 87.5%, comparing to the frequency of preterm labor in present CGA group by TVUS was 5.5% Women with absent CGA are more likely to deliver prematurely Recommendations: Absence of cervical gland area (CGA) can be used as a marker to predict spontaneous PTL in selected cases (asymptomatic women with a history of prior PTL).