الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complicated, global socioeconomic condition considered to be an epidemic. MetS is a set of interconnected factors that directly increase the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) , other forms of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) , and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2).The key components are dyslipidemia (elevated triglycerides and apolipoprotein B (apoB) -containing lipoproteins, and low-density lipoproteins (HDL) , elevation of blood pressure (BP) and dysregulated homeostasis of glucose, while abdominal obesity and/or insulin resistance (IR) also received increased attention as main syndrome manifestations.
It appears that in many countries, lack of nutritional knowledge, incorrect nutritional attitudes and also incorrect dietary practices in diabetic patients are a common health problems. Healthy fats which consists of monounsaturated fat as olive, canola, peanut, and sesame oils, avocados, nuts (almonds, peanuts, hazelnuts, cashews) , peanut butter and polyunsaturated fat as sunflower, sesame, and pumpkin seeds, fatty fish (salmon, tuna, sardines) and fish oil, soybean and safflower oil.Unhealthy Fats which composed of trans fat which are present in commercially-baked pastries, cookies, doughnuts, muffins, cakes, pizza dough, packaged snack foods (crackers, microwave popcorn, chips) , stick margarine, vegetable shortening. Saturated fat which is found in red meat (beef, lamb, pork), chicken skin, whole-fat dairy products (milk, cream, cheese), butter, ice cream, tropical oils such as coconut and palm oil.
Stratification random sampling technique was used. Stratification was based on the different types of faculties in Alexandria University, grades and sex. Four faculties, two theoretical (Law and Commerce) and two practical (Science and Agriculture) was selected randomly from a list containing all co-educational (both sexes) non-medical faculties of Alexandria University located in Alexandria city. Three hundred students were proportionally allocated on selected faculties by sex and grade at random. Datawere collected by: interviewing and anthropometric measurements.
There were 26 questions about knowledge of metabolic syndrome: the correct answer took score1, the wrong answer and don’t know answer took score0.The scoring system was <50 % from the total score poor knowledge, 50-75 % from the total score fair knowledge,>75% from the total score good knowledge.
Body mass index was classified to normal, overweight, obese and morbid obesity according to BMI international tables. for those who was older than 19 years old as follow: underweight<18.5, normal weight (18.5-24.9) , overweight (25-29.9) , obese (30-39.9) , morbid obese≥40;and for those who was younger than 19 years old percentiles was calculated, as follow: underweight:<5th percentile,normalweight:5th to<85th percentile,overweight:85th to<95th percentile, obese:≥95th percentile ,severe obese:99th percentile.
Conclusion
1- The majority of the studied Alexandria University students had fair and poor nutritional knowledge about metabolic syndrome.
2- Most of the studied Alexandria University students didn’t know metabolic syndrome generally. Consequently they didn’t know how to prevent it by sports practicing and healthy dietary habits.
3- Unhealthy dietary habits were prevalent among the studied Alexandria University students as skipping breakfast meal, high consumption of fast foods, watching television during eating ,less consumption of olive oil , high consumption of natural ghee and margarine ,high consumption of caffeinated beverages and soft drinks, eating salted food and canned foods.
4- Sedentary life style was apparent among the studied Alexandria University students due to low duration of walking daily, didn’t practice sports and standing and sitting down during studying.
5- Family history of diabetes and hypertension was prevalent among the first degree relatives of Alexandria University students.
6- Overweight and obesity were prevalent among about 31% and 8% respectively of the studied Alexandria University students particularly among male students.