الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
ESWL has been demonstrated to be an effective, noninvasive, convenient and easy way in treatment of upper urinary stones at all levels. However, ESWL in large or impacted stones is a challenge as they are considered to respond poorly to ESWL . Whether to use a pre-ESWL ureteric stent in management of upper urinary stones is debatable.