الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed among women worldwide accounting for 29% of the total new cancer cases. It is also the second leading cause of cancer death among women after lung cancer, accounting for 15% of the total cancer deaths. The development of breast cancer is usually regarded as a multi-factorial process which means that the etiology is unknown. The occurrence of breast cancer is thought to be the result of the interaction of genetic and non-genetic factors. One of the strongest risk factors for the development of breast cancer is the presence of a family history of the disease, although only 10 -20% of affected women report such a history. Inherited genetic risk factors contribute to breast cancer susceptibility in both familial and sporadic breast cancer. Identifying genetic variations can affect our understanding of the biological mechanisms of the disease progression and can lead to improvement in prevention, early diagnosis and more effective treatment. Genome wide association studies have led to the identification of multiple new genetic variants associated with breast cancer risk such as Thymocyte selectionassociated high mobility group box member 3(TOX3) and Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2). TOX3 belongs to the TOX subfamily of high mobility group (HMG) proteins. The HMG protein family is a diverse superfamily of non-histone chromosomal proteins that were discovered in mammalian cells more than 30 years ago. The HMG proteins were originally named based on their unusually rapid gel electrophoretic mobility compared to other chromatin proteins. TOX3 plays a role in tumorigenesis and is a risk factor for breast cancer development and progression that exerts its role through pleotropic effects. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) exist in the TOX3 gene (including the rs12443621) and have been attributed to the risk of breast cancer development . FGFR2 gene is located on human chromosome 10q and it is a tumor suppressor gene that can be amplified and overexpressed in breast cancer cells. FGFR2 encodes a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family, which includes distinct fibroblast growth factor receptors and is involved in tumorigenesis. Many researches have reported the association between FGFR2 polymorphism rs2981582 and breast cancer risk The current study was carried out at Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department in cooperation with Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University. The aim of this work was to study the association between breast cancer and single nucleotide polymorphism of both TOX3 and FGFR2 genes. The present study was conducted on 80 subjects: 40 female patients with primary invasive breast carcinoma selected from Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University Hospitals and 40 apparently healthy female subjects, age matched, served as the control group. |