الفهرس 
Parasitism of weeds and Orobanche sppOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Tomato cultivation in the Mediterranean region is susceptible to infestation by the parasitic branched broomrape (Orobanche ramose L ), and can lead to severe yield losses. The efficiency of individual soil solarization, soil disinfection technique that uses passive solar heating, or in integration with Gesaprim (or H3PO4) herbivide to control the incidence and severity of O. ramosa and thus increase the growth and yield of tomatoes.Tomato cvs Lojain 935 and GS-12 hybrids were used under pots and fields conditions over three growing growing seasons 2017, 2018 and -2019. The survey and distribution of O. ramosa in the provinces of Fayoum Governoratewas implemented in 2016 growing season, showed that Ibshawai, Yusuf Al-Seddiq and Itsa provinces showed the highest percentages of incidence and severity, while Tamyia and Fayoum provinces showed the lowest percentages. The highest infection was detected in winter season, while fall season showed the lowest infestations. In all pot and field experiments, soil solarization was the most effective treatment compared to organic manures, H3PO4, NPK fertilizer, and Gesaprim herbicide in controlling O. ramosa and increasing the growth and yield parameters of tomato. In additio, soil solarization integrated with Gesaprim or H3PO4 was the most effective integrated application for Lojain 935 hybrid followed by the same integrated application for GS-12 hybrid. This most integrated application conferred the minimal incidence and severity of O. ramosa and the highest growth parameters (fresh and dry weights of shoots) and yield components (fruits No. plant-1, and fruits yield plant-1 or plot-1) of both tomato hybrids with superiority of Lojain 935. Therefore, the results of this study recommend the use of the most integrated application (soil solarization integrated with Gesaprim or H3PO4) as an appropriate technique for tomato production where the risk of branched broomrape infestation is high.