الفهرس 
NEUROTOXIC, GENOTOXIC AND OXIDATIVE STRESS OF CERTAIN ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS IN ALBINO RATS: THE PROTECTIVE ROLE OF N-ACETYLCYSTEINEOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the toxicity of either chlropyrifos-ethyl (CPF-E) or chlropyrifos-methyl (CPF-M) on albino male rats by determining the median lethal doses (LD50). Also, the present study was carry out to study the effect of the sub-lethal doses of each pesticide alone or combined with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) orally administered after 1, 7 and 14 daily doses by observing the changes in neurobehavior, and investigating certain biomarkers and cytogenetic parameters.
The present results illustrated that the oral LD50 values were found to be 197.04 and 2020.73 mg/kg b.w., for CPF-E and CPF-M, respectively. Also, the results showed that when rats orally treated either with 1/25 LD50 of CPF-E, 1/10 LD50 of CPF-M, 150 mg/kg b.w. of NAC, 150 mg/kg b.w. of NAC plus 1/25 LD50 of CPF-E or 150 mg/kg b.w. of NAC plus 1/10 LD50 of CPF-M after 1, 7 and 14 daily doses, both CPF-E and CPF-M induced significant changes in the neurobehavior activity, body gain and weight and relative of some organs, inhibit the enzyme activities of AChE, BuChE, PON, ATP-ase, CAT and GST as well as GSH level, while the levels of NO, Ca+2 , LPO, CYC-R and total protein significantly increased in the tested tissues. Regarding the effect of CPF-E and CPF-M on genetic parameters, the obtained results revealed that both CPF-E and CPF-M in treated animals induced significant increase in the chromosomal aberration, micronucleus and DNA concentration, while mitotic index were significantly decreased compared with control animals. However, when NAC co- administered either with CPF-E or CPF-M attenuated the genetic damage of these parameters compared to rats treated only either with CPF-E or CPF-M. It general, both CPF-E and CPF-M induced adverse outcomes in the neurobehavioral activities besides the biochemical and genetic markers in treated animals. However, the supplementation of NAC to rats treated either with CPF-E or CPF-M attenuated the tested parameters and significantly restored to control values. Because NAC exhibited marked beneficial effects against CPF-E and CPF-M toxicity, therefore it has a role in the management of some OPs poisoning such as chlropyrifos-ethyl and chlropyrifos-methyl.