الفهرس 
PrefaceOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The Main Elements of the Thesis
The Introduction explained the meaning of “commemoration” and the impact of wars on the ancient civilizations such as Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia and Greece. Also, how did they commemorate their victories and if there were any differences between representing the soldiers, kings and the enemies and how was the influence on the subsequent civilizations.
Chapter I: “The Representation of the Real Battle Scenes in Hellenistic Art”
This chapter deals with the real battle scenes in the Hellenistic art and if they were influenced by the previous civilizations. Also, the differences between representing the victories and the defeated people. As well as, the differences and similarities between the literary sources and the battle scenes. Moreover, this chapter shows that not only the kings and generals who commemorated their victories, but also the soldiers who had been deceased in these wars they were commemorated by their families, because they were fighting for their lands. At the end of this chapter, the influence of the Greek Art on the Etruscan art has been disused. This chapter includes the battle scenes of Alexander the Great, the Macedonian kingdom, the Ptolemaic kingdom, the Pergamene kingdom and Etruria (Fig. 5).
Chapter II: “The Representation of the Symbolic elements and scenes of the Real battles in Hellenistic Art”
This chapter investigates the commemorated battles in an indirect way by “symbols”, the understood elements by the people at that time, because symbols showed the idea without representing a whole battle scene. Symbols mostly were represented on coins, because they were used by everyone in the kingdoms. The study shows commemorating a real battle by representing some mythological scenes such as the Gigantomachy on the Altar of Pergamum to commemorate the battles of the Attalids against the Gauls, to protect the Greek civilization from the barbarians. Also, representing a specific god, because he helped them in their victories. As well as, symbols such as elephants and ships, as they were important to win some battles. Moreover, representing weapons even if they were spoils from the enemies or the victors used them in their wars.
Chapter III: Analytical and Statistical Studies
This chapter shows the analytical and statistical study of what has been discussed in chapter I and II. In addition, this chapter deals with the formation, tactics and their developing since Philip II until Alexander the Great and the successors. In addition, the chapter shows some of the equipment of the armies. It also includes the conclusion and the appendixes. The appendixes deal with names of the kings, cities, gods, gods’ attributes and the important battles.