الفهرس 
Chapter I: IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The mechanisms of crystal growth and dissolution of sparingly
soluble salts are considerable interest due to widespread and universal
applicability. These mechanisms are one of the oldest and the most
frequently used operations in science of chemistry. In many cases, the
rates of crystal growth and dissolution are completely accounted by the
diffusion mechanism and surface controlled mechanism.
Calcium sulfate dihydrate scale formation is an important problem in
a number of industrially interesting applications such as production of the
oil and gas, hydrometallurgical processes and water cooling systems.
Calcium oxalate monohydrate is one of the most important
compounds that cause human kidney stones.
Due to the problems associated with calcium sulfate dihydrate and
Calcium oxalate monohydrate, we undertook the study their rate and
mechanisms of dissolution and crystal growth in absence and presence of
some additives. The present work includes three chapters as the
following:
The first chapter is an introduction to some aspects of the crystal
growth, dissolution, a scale formation problem, kidney stone disease and
effect of additives. It also includes a literature survey on crystal growth/
dissolution of calcium sulfate. It also includes literature survey on crystal
growth / dissolution of calcium oxalate.
The second chapter includes the experimental part which describes
materials, instruments and procedures that have been used throughout the
course of investigation.
The third chapter comprises the results and discussion. It contain
the dissolution of calcium sulfate dihydrate which follow the diffusion
mechanism and the rate of its dissolution was inhibited by adding Mg2+,
Sr2+ and Ba2+ which was the best inhibitor but it was promoted in
presence of Li+.
Cystone drug has effect on calcium oxalate monohydrate seed, but
Ivypront syrup did not effect on it. Cystone was able to damage and
expulsion the kidney stone and it was used as promotor for dissolution of
calcium oxalate monohydrate seed.
Silver nanoparticles (Ag nanoparticles) were prepared by sodium
citrate reduction. The rate of dissolution of calcium oxalate monohydrate
seed was inhibited using Ag nanoparticles that were considered as the
best inhibitor due to the smallest nanometer size.
Finally, using Quartz Crystal Microbalance Apparatus in crystal
growth of calcium oxalate monohydrate seed without and with Trizma,
the rate of crystal growth was promoted in presence of this additive.