الفهرس 
Chapter one: IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
A glassy carbon (GC) electrode was modified with poly(1,8-diaminonaphthalene)
(p-1,8-DAN) that was coated with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) (size: 10.0 – 60.0
nm by TEM) by electrodeposition process using cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique.
The resulting nanocomposite was characterized by FE-SEM, AFM, EDX, XPS, TEM
and XRD. The surface area and the electrochemical characteristics of the electrode
were investigated by CV and square wave voltammetry (SWV) techniques, and the
probe preparation conditions were optimized. The electrode was used for individual
and simultaneous determination of the heavy metal ions cadmium (II) (Cd2+) , lead
(II) (Pb2+) and copper (II) (Cu2+) in water samples by square wave anodic stripping
voltammetry (ASV) using scan rate 0.005 V. s-1. The probe showed well separated
anodic stripping peaks for Cd2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. Attractive features of the method
include (a) working voltages of -1.02, -0.78 and -0.32 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) for the three
ions, and (b) low limits of detection (0.019, 0.03 and 0.006 μg. L-1, respectively. The
electrode can also detect zinc (II) (Zn2+) and mercury (II) (Hg2+), typically at -1.36 V
and + 0.9, respectively.