الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Gastrointestinal endoscopy is widely performed not only for the diagnosis and treatment in the patients with gastrointestinal diseases, but also in the healthy people with requests for physical examination or checkups.
Gastrointestinal endoscopes are divided into two main types which are upper GIT endoscopes and lower GIT endoscopes. Infections and outbreaks due to contaminated endoscopes had been reported, most often being attributed to the transmission of many bacteria.
So it is necessary to evaluate the procedures used to disinfect gastrointestinal tract endoscopes.
The present study aimed to:
1. To assess the effectiveness of high level disinfection of GIT endoscopes just before use.
2. To assess the bacterial profile and count immediately after use.
3. To assess the effectiveness of high level disinfection immediately after disinfection.
This cross-sectional study conducted in GIT endoscopes centers in Alexandria Main University Hospital, Egypt, during the period from september 2017 to February 2018.
There were 54 samples taken from GIT endoscopes involved in this study.
The samples collected by Sterile swab from the entire length of maneuver part and insertion part of endoscopes(tip) collected three times from each endoscope; before use,immediately after use and following high level disinfection process.
The collected swabs were put in sterile tubes with 2ml sterile saline, then good mix then by using calibrated loop with certain volume and immediately streak on the surface of blood and MacConkey‟s agar the plates were incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. The isolated colonies were identified by characteristic colony morphology, gram staining and biochemical tests.
The results of this study can be summarized as follow:
1- Out of 54 samples taken GIT endoscopes, 41 samples (75.93%) had taken from upper GIT endoscopes and 13 samples (24.07%) had taken from lower GIT.
2- Patients had endoscopies were 29 females (53.70%) and 25 were males (46.30 %).
3- The major age group were patients aged from 40 to 60 years.
4- Among patients had endoscopies 35 patients (64.81%) had underlying diseases and 19 patients (35.9%) did not have.
5- Clean samples were 40, critical were 11 and high risk were 3.
6- Total isolated bacteria before use of endoscopes were 10, after use were 27 and after disinfection were 18 and total isolated were 55.
Summary and Conclusions
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It can be concluded from this study that:
1. There were a significant relationship between the count of bacteria in the endoscopes and the presence of underlying diseases of the patients had endoscopies after use of endoscopes.
2. There were a significant difference between the use of upper and lower GIT endoscopes as lower endoscopes were considered to have higher bacterial count than upper GIT endoscopes.
3. There were decreases in bacterial count after disinfection.
4. S..aureus were the most commonly isolated organism from the all studied samples.
5. Coagulase negativeStaph, Pseudomonas and Alpha hemolytic Streptococci were also isolated from all studied samples.
6. E.coli were the least isolated organism from all studied samples.
7. Indicator organisms of insufficient HLD of GIT endoscopes were S..aureus Pseudomonas,. E.coli.