الفهرس 
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Abstract
In this research, we are going to discuss the advantages of using the artificial grass composites instead of the natural grass. FIFA set down the rules of the game which cover the ball’s weight, material, circumference, sphericity and pressure and also, the use of the artificial grass composites. Artificial grass composites were introduced as an alternative to natural turf in an attempt to overcome the issues such as shortage of water, increased participation in sports and high operational and maintenance costs. Initially, it’s important to know the regulations and the quality controls concerning the ball to be used in the game by developing a theoretical approach describing the behaviour of the artificial grass, developing the parameters recommendation catalog and designing the football end-use artificial grass according to FIFA regulations. In this work, the physical and mechanical properties of various artificial grass carpets with different pile heights, raw materials, thickness, pile count, and density were investigated. A tester to measure the vertical ball rebound, oblique ball rebound height and the coefficient of restitution (COR) was introduced. A tester to measure the residual impact force (RIF) of the ball was designed. Taking into consideration the reaction of the standard football on the surface of the artificial grass composites (Ball / Surface interaction) with the different specifications of the grass to develop a theoretical model describing the artificial grass behaviour as a function of its different parameters. The development of this model helped to design the artificial grass combination parameters that are compliant with FIFA recommendation regulations (FIFA 1* and FIFA 2*). And further improvement can be done by studying more parameters that affect the artificial grass design and behaviour such as ball roll, joint strength, underfoot friction, abrasion resistance, and grass permeability. A similar line of work can be applied to different end-uses such as landscaping, golf, and rugby.