الفهرس 
CholangiocarcinomaOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease worldwide , and its rates are rising internationally alongside the growing epidemics of diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome [Loomba R et al.,2013].
Also Fibrosis has no molecular signature that can be detected by current imaging techniques, and all imaging tests for fibrosis attempt to detect fibrosis indirectly. As collagen deposition associated with fibrosis imparts parenchymal rigidity, the leading imaging technique for assessing fibrosis is through Elastography. MRE uses a modified phase-contrast pulse sequence to visualize rapidly propagating mechanical shear waves (typically delivered at around (60 Hz) [Venkatesh SK et al ., 2013].
Currently, liver biopsy assessment is used to document treatment response. The use of liver biopsies, however, is not without cost or risk (bleeding, perforation, death) and it is met with hesitation from both patients and providers alike. Additionally, its scoring is associated with a significant inter- and intra-observer Variability. [Asrani SK et al., 2015].
However Significant advances have now been made in magnetic resonance technology, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Elastrography (MRE) making them suitable alternatives to liver biopsy for diagnosing NALFD, for identifying at risk populations (NASH and those with hepatic fibrosis), and for assessing response to therapeu