الفهرس 
Anatomy of VertebraeOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Spinal anesthesia with local anesthetic agents and adjuvant provides excellent pain relief. It is used for lower abdominal surgery, urological and lower limb surgery adjuvants are administered with local anesthetics to accelerate onset, prolong duration of analgesia and to reduce the dose thereby eliminating few side effects associated with larger doses, intravenous magnesium sulphate, midazolam, ketamine and NSAID have all been used for this purpose (30). The aim of this study is to compare the effect of magnesium sulphate and ketorlac intravenous infusion on sensory and motor blockage, hemodynamic parameters, duration of analgesia and side effects during spinal anesthesia. Ninety patients aged between 18 and 60 years, ASA I&II, scheduled for lower abdominal, urological and lower limb surgeries. Patients were classified randomly into three groups (30 patients each) using sealed envelope technique and on arrival to operation room, patients medicated with study drugs. group M (Magnesium group) (n=30): Patients of this group received a loading dose of magnesium sulphate 40 mg/kg IV over 10 min followed by 15mg/kg /h IV infusion. (2) group K (Ketorolac group) (n=30): Patients of this group received a loading dose of ketorolac (0.4
mg/kg) (IV) over 10 min followed by 0.8mg/kg/h IV infusion. (3) - 94 - Discussion group C (Control group) (n=30): Patients of this group received 50 ml of saline (IV) over 10 min followed by saline infusion. Routine monitoring (Pulse rate, electrocardiography, non invasive blood pressure and SpO2) monitored continuously Hemodynamic (HR, MAP, SpO2) onset of sensory and motor blockade, level of sensory and motor blockade, time to achieve complete regression from sensory and motor blockade and side effects were assessed and measured. The results of our study showed insignificant changes between the three groups in HR and MAP but there was significant decrease in HR and MAP in each group at 10 min, maximal level and 30 min in comparison with base line. There were insignificant changes in onset and duration of sensory and motor block in the three studied groups The total dose of analgesic consumption (pethidine(mg)) showed significant decrease in group M in comparison with group K & group C with insignificant change between group K & group C. The time of first rescue analgesia showed significant increase in group M in comparison with group K & group C and insignificant changes in group K in comparison with group C.