الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The current study is prospective and interventional that evaluated 52 of undiagnosed isolated mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Our evaluation focused on bronchoscopic sampling either conventional or image guided by ultrasound (endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspirate). Our study was done over 2 years, bronchoscopy was done in all cases, conventional TBNA was done in 37 cases and EBUS-TBNA was done in a group of patients with a similar number, some of cases had both conventional and EBUS guided TBNA. The aim was to study EBUS-TBNA overall safety and efficacy, EBUS-TBNA in hilar and/or subcarinal sites versus conventional sampling and EBUS-TBNA in subcarinal and/or hilar sites versus EBUS-TBNA in paratracheal sites. Results: Most of cases had subcarinal pathology (lymph nodes and/or lesion) in about 84.6% (44 cases) followed by prevascular group and right hilar group (each of them were present in 46.2% of cases). Also right lower paratracheal group was present in 23 cases (44.2%). The least ones were paraesophageal group in only 2 cases. 37 cases were subjected to conventional TBNA (transbronchial needle aspirate) targeting subcarinal site in all cases, Diagnosis was established in only 6 cases (16.2%). Adenocarcinoma was the most common diagnostic finding, one case was diagnosed as Sarciodosis and one case lymph fluid was aspirated (bronchogenic cyst). 37 patients were subjected to EBUS-TBNA, 22 of them after previous conventional-TBNA and the other 15 cases had EBUS-TBNA without previous conventional-TBNA, Minimum number of passes per case was 3, maximum was 6, with a mean of 4.03±0.96 and total number of passes within all cases had reached 149 passes. Diagnostic percent has reached 89.2%.The most common station that was at target by EBUS-TBNA was subcarinal station with a percentage of 64.9% (was a common target in 24 cases), followed by lower right paratracheal group (32.4%), while upper paratracheal stations were the least to be biopsied. With no reported complication related to any of both maneuvers (conventional TBNA and EBUS TBNA).