الفهرس 
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide after lung and breast; it is the third most common cancer in men after lung and prostate cancer and the second in women after breast cancer.
Causes and mechanisms of colon cancer may be associated with genetic and environmental factors, especially diet.
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a variation of the DNA sequence in which a single nucleotide of the sequence has been altered. These highly abundant SNPs occur in every 1000 bases in the human genome.
Survivin is a novel member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family that is involved in both cell division regulation and apoptosis inhibition.
Survivin can inhibit apoptosis and increase cell proliferation, thereby promoting tumor development and progression.
This study aimed to verify whether Survivin -31G/C single nucleotide polymorphism was associated with CRC development.
The study included 100 subjects divided into two groups. group I: 50 diagnosed CRC patients (30 males, 20 females), their ages were (49.10±7.92). group II: 50 apparently healthy age and gender-matched as a control group (25 males, 25 females), their ages were (49.50±5.59) years.
All patients and control groups were subjected to the following:
Full history taking, complete clinical examination, abdominal US and or CT, and laboratory investigation including: CBC, liver function 81
tests, tumour markers (CEA and CA19-9), Kidney function test and genotyping of Survivin rs9904341 G/C polymorphism by PCR-RFLP.
The results of this study can be summarized as follow:
Fifty-eight percent of the patients were nonsmoker while fourty-two percent only were smoker, there were no statistically significant differences between patient and control group regarding smoking habits.
In the present study colon cancer accounted for 40% of the total CRC cases while rectal cancer accounted for 60% of the total cases
All the studied groups are homogenous regarding age and gender, as there is no statistically significant difference among the two studied groups.
Twenty-eight percent of the cases were in stage I-II while 72% of the cases were in stage III-IV
A statistically significant difference between control group and CRC group regarding ALT, AST, HB, platelet count, CEA and CA19-9.
Statistically, there is a significant difference in Survivin genotype distribution between control and CRC groups.
Statistically, there is a significant difference in the distribution of both alleles (C and G) between control and CRC groups.
Regarding allele distribution our results showed that there were no association between C allele and clinicopathologic features of CRC, such as location of tumor, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage.