الفهرس 
Introduction
Chapter 1 : HypertensionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate urinary kidney injury molecule-1 as an early marker of kidney injury in hypertensive patients and to correlate the level of urinary kidney injury molecule-1 with the clinical and biochemical markers of nephropathy as well as disease duration.
This was a case control study conducted at hypertension out-patient’s clinic, Minia University Hospital, faculty of medicine, Minia university.
Patients included in our study were subdivided into 3 groups: group 1 Included 40 patients with essential hypertension with adisease duration less than 5 years, they were 14 (35%) males and 26 (65%) females. Their age ranged from 30-50 years, group 2 Included 40 patients with essential hypertension with adisease duration more than 5 years, they were 15 (37.5%) males and 25 (62.5%) females. Their age ranged from 30-50 years, and group 3 (control) Included 40 apparent healthy volunteers, they were 21 (52.5%) males and 19 (47.5%) females. Their age ranged from 30-50 years.
All participants included in our study were subjected to careful history taking, full clinical examination, laboratory studies included (fasting and 2hh post prandial blood sugar, renal function tests, lipid profile and liver function tests), estimated GFR, detection of micro albuminuria, estimation of urinary kidney injury molecule -1 , abdominal ultrasound and ECG.
Hypertensive patients when compared to control group had significantly lower GFR & higher micro albuminuria and urinary KIM-1 level p- value <0.001.
Hypertensive patients with microalbuminuria had significant higher urinary KIM-1 level than hypertensive non albuminuric patients p- value <0.001.
KIM-1 has stronge positive correlation with duration of hypertension r is 0.903, moderate positive correlation with micro albuminuria, SBP and DBP r is 0.719, 0.697 & 0.634 respectively and moderately negative correlation with GFR & blood pressure control r is -0.539& -0.556 respectively
Microalbminuria has moderate positive correlation with duration of hypertension, SBP and DBP r is 0.625, 0.592 and 0.544 respectively and moderate negative correlation with blood pressure control r is -0.556.
GFR has moderate positive correlation with blood pressure control r is 0.616 , moderate negative correlation with SBP & DBP r is -0.589 & -0.587 respectively.
By using linear regression analysis for factors affecting KIM level among studied groups we found that Duration of hypertension is the main factor affecting KIM-1 (B= 62.4, P <0.001).
ROC curve showing the KIM values in predicting micro albuminuria among patients with hypertensive nephropathy, KIM value 80ng/ml was the best cut-point that gave the sensitivity of 81.2% and specificity of 97.2%.