الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial activity of natural extracts of Azadirachta Indica (Neem), Curcuma Longa (Turmeric), Myristica fragrans (Nutmeg), Camellia sinensis (Green tea) and Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea tree oil) against a mature Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm model in vitro One hundred and forty single rooted mandibular premolars were used in the study. The tooth length was standardized to 16 mm from the root apex to the coronal border. Mechanical preparation of specimens were performed using Protaper Universal rotary nickel titanium system (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) till finishing file F4. All canals received a final irrigation sequence of 5ml of 17% EDTA, followed by 5ml of 2.5% NaOCl and 5ml of sterile water. Teeth were divided into 6 expermintal groups (n=20) and two control groups (n=10). Each one of the positive control and the 6 experimental groups were incubated for 21 days with previously prepared E. faecalis culture to form mature E. faecalis biofilm. One of the samples was examined with scanning electron microscope to ensure development of E. faecalis biofilm. At the end of incubation period, herbal extracts and calcium hydroxide were applied to experimental groups as follow: group I (G1): Azadirachta Indica (Neem) extract. group II (G2): Curcuma Longa (Turmeric) extract. group III (G3): Myristica fragrans (Nutmeg) extract. group IV (G4): Camellia sinensis (Green tea) extract. group V (G5): Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea tree oil). group VI (G6): Calcium hydroxide paste Metapaste. After one week, all of the specimens were irrigated with sterile saline solution to remove the root canal contents. Bacterial samples were collected using a standard method of collection into sterile tubes containing saline for CFU count and the effect of tested medicaments on biofilm dissolution was assessed with scanning electron microscope SEM. Results showed that all the experimental groups demonstrated significantly less CFU counts as compared to the positive control group (p<0.001). As regard to the antimicrobial effectiveness of tested medicaments it was found that most effective were Calcium Hydroxide with significant difference with all other groups (p<0.001). The most effective tested herbal was Neem followed by turmeric and tea tree oil with no statistical difference between them (p<0.001). The least effect was observed in green tea followed by nutmeg with no significant difference between them and with tea tree oil on the other hand. Within the limitation of this study it be concluded that: 1. Infected human teeth in ex vivo biofilm study model is beneficial in studying root canal infection and in studying efficacy of different intracanal medicaments. 2. None of the tested medicaments used were able to completely eradicate E. Faecalis from the root canal system. 3. Calcium Hydroxide remains to be the benchmark Intracanal medicament. |