الفهرس 
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Abstract
The thermal conversion of one type of the biomass based solid waste; namely rice straw, to fuel gas has been reported through this study. The optimization of the operating conditions in order to perform the thermal conversion process at the lowest possible costs had been targeted in this work. Different parameters particularly effect of feedstock particle size, reaction temperature and retention time, were studied during the thermal process. The decrease of the feedstock had strongly impacted both the rate of gas production as well as the methane content in the generated gas. The reduction of solid waste sample to 100 nm had subsequently increased the active area of the exposed surface to thermal energy; hence the break-down of the rice straw structure into valuable gases such as methane, ethane, ethylene and propylene could be easily attained. Unlike the effect of particle size, the operational temperature increase did not exhibit too much influence on the gas production rate. Nevertheless, the composition of the obtained gas through the pyrolysis process has been strongly dependent to the temperature change during the conversion process. The operating temperature of 250 0C exhibited the highest rate of gas production as well as the most proper gas composition, in relevance to that of the natural gas. On the other hand, the retention time of the pyrolysis process has no effect at all on the gas production rate. However, the reaction time increase has significantly affected the composition of the generated gas. At a reaction time of 2h, the composition of the resulting gas has been more orientated toward methane which indicates that such time is the most suitable for performing the conversion process. The authors of this research work are therefore claiming a totally new approach in the utilization of a type of solid waste in the direct production of green natural gas-like fraction via low temperature thermal conversion process.
The use of UV irradiated feedstock has been also presented as a new approach, for pyrrolysis process, in this study. The irradiation of feedstock, although it strongly affected the composition of acquired gases, it could be unfavorable in terms of decreasing the content of effective fuel constituents in the generated products.