الفهرس 
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Abstract
SUMMARY
troke is one of the most important causes of worldwide mortality and morbidity. As it is known that sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) could be a risk factor for stroke, stroke could cause sleep disorders that may prolong hospitalization and make rehabilitation difficult. Sleep disorders may also be responsible for patient’s bad prognosis or stroke recurrence if they are not properly managed.
This is a descriptive study that is designed to describe prevalence of sleep disorders after stroke and its severity for a selected number of patients from an outpatient stroke clinic at a time extending to the first three months after stroke through questionnaires. These questionnaires are sleep disorder questionnaire, Pittsburg sleep quality index, Epworth sleepiness scale and Apnea hypo-apnea index.
In this study, sleep disorders are found to be common up to (88%) of the total number of patients. They could be categorized into main four groups; Sleep disordered breathing, parasomnia, hypersomnia and insomnia, respectively according to prevalence. The most common type of them is sleep disordered breathing (SDB) which constitutes a part up to third of the total cases (29.3%). Other sleep disorders the patients have are parasomnia (26.7%), hypersomnia or excessive daytime sleepiness (17.3%) and insomnia (14.7%).
S
Summary
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Sleep disorders of those patients were evaluated by Pittsburg sleep quality index which revealed that patients who have a clinically significant sleep disorder, whatever it is, are common up to (61.3%) of the total number of patients. This is severe enough to necessitate medical help and mainly attributed to bad quality of sleep at night or its daytime consequences or both. Patients who have clinically significant hypersomnia, in particular, and need medical help, constitute (20%) of the total number of patients, while symptoms of sleep disordered breathing are ranging from mild to moderate severity.
Stroke has many clinical presentations that are based on some clinical variables including its type, site, hemispheric side and severity. In this study, sleep disorders are not dependent on these variables. Some sleep disorders were more common with specific areas affected by stroke, such as hypersomnia which is common in thalamic stroke, however there is no statistically significant relationship between stroke site and sleep disorders, or any other clinical variable of stroke. Also, this study does not show statistically significant relationship between sleep disorders and patients’ sex and age.
Stroke whether ischemic or hemorrhagic type is usually associated with many vascular risk factors. Sleep disordered breathing as the most common sleep problem encountered in this study, is associated with some risk factors the patient may have such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiac diseases and smoking, but there is no statistically significant relationship
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between sleep disordered breathing and any of them. Also, there is no statistically significant relationship between other sleep disorders such as parasomnia, hypersomna and insomnia and stroke risk factors in this study