الفهرس 
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Abstract
Background: The long-term success of renal transplantation depends on many factors, follow a healthy lifestyle including proper diet, exercise, and weight control, beside that a good adherence toward immunosuppressive medication, the same as compliance toward recommended behaviors and healthy advices. A cross sectional study aimed to assess the lifestyle modification among renal transplant recipients. A simple random sample to recruit 120 renal transplant recipients from the record belonged to post renal transplant recipients at Nephrology and Urology Center affiliated to Mansura University. Data was collected through five tools: I) Structure interview to assess socio demographic and economic characteristics, II) Post renal transplant recipients’ health profile including 1) Medical history, 2) Physical examination, 3) Signs and symptoms related to side effects of immunosuppressive medication, and 4) Laboratory investigations, III) Structured interview to assess renal transplant recipients’ lifestyle modification, IV) Structure interview to assess post renal transplant recipients’ immunosuppressive medication adherence, and V) Structure interview to assess renal transplant recipients’ compliance. The results of the present study illustrated that more than two thirds and more than half of renal transplant recipients were males and married respectively, the majority of them (80 .0%) had a good adherence to immunosuppressive medication post renal transplantation, the majority (87.5%) of renal transplant recipients were partially compliant, there were statistically significant association between sex, marital status and occupation of renal transplant recipients and their total adherence score to immunosuppressive medication p= 0.023, 0.005 and 0.046 respectively, there were statistically significant association between age, marital status, occupation and residence of renal transplant recipients and their total compliance score p = 0.026, 0.00, 0.288 and 0.015 respectively, and finally there were a significant correlation between renal transplant recipients, adherence and their compliance, (r =+0.272& p= 0.003). The study recommended that periodical assessment for lifestyle, adherence to immunosuppressive medication and compliance to therapeutic regimen of post renal transplant recipients. Develop and, implement an educational program for renal transplant recipients concerning lifestyle modification post transplantation.