الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to: 1. Determine the incidence of cleft lip and/or palate defects in Giza, Qalyubia, Minya and Marsa Matrouh governorates in the Arab Republic of Egypt. 2. Report gender and cleft type distribution in the four mentioned governorates. 3. Investigate etiological risk factors that may be associated with cleft lip and /or palate defects. 4. Compare the incidence of cleft defects, cleft types distribution and risk factors among the four governorates.