الفهرس 
Rotavirus (RV) structureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
RV is one of the commonest viruses causes a severe diarrhealillness, especially in children under age of 5 years. RVGE is selflimiting illness; however, death of untreated cases with severe
dehydration might be resulted. RV-related death is more common in
developing-African countries, where individual income and
healthcare is limited. To protect against RV complications and
deaths, RV vaccination in neonatal-life is strongly recommended.
Currently, variant attenuated RV vaccines have been approved for
immunization against RVGE, as Rotarix® and Rotateq®. The RV
immunization with attenuated vaccines in African countries is
restricted as result of the vaccine efficacy limitation among these
populations; high vaccination cost, which does not match the
individual income there; immunodeficiency/ malnutrition problems
in most African children, so constricted administration of activevirus vaccines; intussusception side effect that is a life-threatening
condition; and virus reassortment events that might develop a novel
RV strains with un-expected pathogenicity.
To bypass most of these current frailties those related mostly to the
active-virus presence, the alternative inactivated-RV vaccination
approach was endorsed Dependently, the goal of the present study is to develop a
pentavalent-IRVV that containing the most circulating RV strains
within the Egyptian environment. Moreover, evaluating its
effectiveness compared to a currently used attenuated vaccine. The
designed-IRVV antigen pool were including G1/G2/G3/G9/P[8]
antigens. That was achieved by isolating RV strains that having the
selected G/P antigens from RV-positive fecal samples. These
samples were collected from children hospitalized with severe
gastroenteritis.
The experimental preparation and formulation of the thermallytreated RV vaccine was performed using the produced antigens pool.
As an attempt for improving the IRVV immunogenicity, Alumadjuvant was added. The experimental IRVV/ IRVV-Alum immune
potential was evaluated using the mice model.
While three equal doses of Alum adsorbed and non-Alum adsorbed
IRVV were injected subcutaneously at 0, 21, 35 time intervals, the
reference Rotarix® group was vaccinated twice at 0, 28 time
intervals. The collected sera were processed using ELISA technique
for evaluating RV specific-IgG that reflect the established
immunogenicity against RVI. As result of the trial IRVV/ Rotarix®
difference in antigenic content and doses regimen, the comparative
evaluation was reliant on achieving the IgG immunization level of 1:6400.Accordingly, we concluded that, the IRVV could be an acceptable
strategy to reach the immunization level against RVI (IgG titer
>1:6400), however the incorporation of adjuvant system could
perfectly modulate the developed immunity to be long lasting and
stronger. That’s by keeping the immunization elements as the IgG
antibodies more elevated for longer time. The Rotarix® vaccination
also could increase the IgG antibodies than that indicated limit (IgG
titer >1:6400), but the inactivated vaccine could bypass other
limitations that associated with the attenuated approach.
These limitation are efficacy variation among population,
intussusception risk and unintended vaccine/ wild strains
reassortment. Besides that, the inactivated vaccines could solve the
cost problem that facing the attenuated vaccination. The wide mass
production and public vaccination could be achieved more easily,
especially for the poor African countries, which are more susceptible
for RV death, using the inactivated RV vaccination.